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Understanding Water Pollution and Its Impact on Urban Environments

This text explores the growing concern of water pollution in urban areas, highlighting the challenges faced by cities requiring vast freshwater inputs and the consequences of urbanization on water systems. It addresses the critical issues of solid waste disposal and the lack of access to improved sanitation, particularly in poor and developing countries. Key pollutants are identified, including fecal contamination and nutrient overload, which are linked to public health risks. The importance of watershed management and effective treatment methods to ensure safe drinking water is also discussed.

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Understanding Water Pollution and Its Impact on Urban Environments

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  1. Water Quality What is polluting our water?

  2. Cities require a very large input of freshwater and in turn have a huge impact on freshwater systems. • Solid waste disposal is a growing threat to health and the environment. • 93% of the urbanization occurs in poor or developing countries • 789 million in total, lives without access to improved sanitation facilities. • The urban poor pay up to 50 times more for a liter of water than their richer neighbors, since they often have to buy their water from private vendors.

  3. Water on Earth

  4. 30% groundwater • MWD serves 18 million people in Southern California (Colorado River) • State water project

  5. Watershed: an area of land where all water that drains from it goes to the same place What does your watershed look like?

  6. CCHS is located in Ballona Creek Watershed • Concerns in Ballona • Urban runoff • Trash & debris • High nutrients • Bacterial levels • Heavy metals & toxins

  7. Marine Ecosystems Brown Pelican • Concerns in Malibu • Tapia Treatment Plant • Septic discharges • High nutrients • Bacterial levels California least tern Tidewater goby Steelhead Trout

  8. Santa Monica: Concerns in Santa Monica Canyon Channel

  9. How are pollutants transported?

  10. Fecal Pollution • Dogs • Livestock • Birds • People • WWTP discharges • Septic systems • Anthropogenic pollution • Surfactants • Nutrients • Oil and grease

  11. Nutrient Pollution

  12. Methods : Fecal indicator bacteria • Fecal indicator bacteria are generally not harmful bacteria that reside in the gut of animals • FIB are released into the environment with feces and used to indicate water quality • Limitations: • Method requires 24hr to get a result. • Does not give you information on the source www.idexx.com

  13. Data: Enterococci bacteria • Water quality standards • Enterococci: 104MPN/100mL • E. coli: • 400MPN/100mL • Which beach had highest levels? • Which watershed is most contaminated?

  14. Water Quality and Public Health Swimming related illness • Acute Respiratory disease • Gastrointestinal illness • Diarrhea • Vomiting • Nausea • Fever • Sore throat • Runny nose • Ear or Eye infection • Skin rash Bacteria • Escherichia coli • Salmonella typhi • Vibrio Cholerae • Campylobacter jejunji Viruses • Adenovirus • Enterovirus • Hepatitis A • Rotavirus

  15. Urban Runoff Source:http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/

  16. Stormwater treatment Legacy Park in Malibu

  17. Point-of-use Treatment • Metal salts such as alum and iron sulfate can transform contaminated source waters into clear, safe drinkable water. Turbid river water treated with a flocculant-disinfectant powder in Borneo.

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