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Chapter 33 Section 3: Wars in Korea and Vietnam

Chapter 33 Section 3: Wars in Korea and Vietnam. Aim: How did the Cold War impact the civil wars of Korea and Vietnam? Do Now:. War in Korea. A Divided Land 38 th parallel- line dividing Korea into North Korea and South Korea. War in Korea cont. Standoff at the 38 th Parallel

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Chapter 33 Section 3: Wars in Korea and Vietnam

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  1. Chapter 33 Section 3: Wars in Korea and Vietnam Aim: How did the Cold War impact the civil wars of Korea and Vietnam? Do Now:

  2. War in Korea A Divided Land • 38th parallel- line dividing Korea into North Korea and South Korea

  3. War in Korea cont. Standoff at the 38th Parallel • In 1950, North Koreans invaded South Korea with Soviet Support • South Korea requested UN assistance; 15 nations send troops • Douglas MacArthur- leads UN forces against North Korea • North Koreans control most of the peninsula when MacArthur attacks • Half of the North’s army surrenders, the rest retreat

  4. The Fighting Continues • UN troops push North Koreans almost to the Chinese border • Chinese send 300,000 troops against UN forces and capture Seoul • MacArthur calls for nuclear attack and is removed from command • In 1953, cease fire signed and border established at 38th parallel

  5. Aftermath of War • North Korea builds collective farms, heavy industry and nuclear weapons • South Korea establishes democracy, and a growing economy with US aid

  6. War breaks out in Vietnam The Road to War • Ho Chi Minh- Vietnamese nationalist, later Communist leader The Fighting Begins • In 1954, French surrender to Vietnamese after major defeat • Domino Theory- US theory of Communist expansion in Southeast Asis

  7. Vietnam- A Divided Country • International peace conference agrees on a divided Vietnam • Ngo Dinh Diem- leads anti-communist government in South Vietnam • Vietcong- South Vietnamese Communist guerrillas fighting against Diem

  8. US troops enter the fight • In 1964, US sends troops to fight Viet Cong, North Vietnamese • US fights guerrilla war defending increasingly unpopular government • Vietcong gains support from Ho Chi Minh, China and Soviet Union

  9. United States Withdraws • War grows unpopular in US • In 1969, Nixon starts withdrawing troops • Vietnamization- Nixon’s plan to withdraw US from war gradually • Last US troops leave in 1973 • South Vietnam overrun in 1975

  10. Postwar Southeast Asia Cambodia in Turmoil • Khmer Rouge- Communist rebels who take control of Cambodia in 1975 • They slaughter 2 million people • They are overthrown by Vietnamese invaders • In 1993, Cambodia adopts democracy, holds elections with UN help

  11. Postwar Southeast Asia cont. Vietnam after the War • Saigon renamed Ho Chi Minh City • Vietnam reunited as Communist nation • About 1.5 million people flee Vietnam, some settle in US and Canada • In 1995, US normalizes relations with Vietnam

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