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Challenges of Integrated Transportation and Land Use Planning

Challenges of Integrated Transportation and Land Use Planning. Reid Ewing Rutgers University. The Challenges. New Vision and Goals New Performance Measures Mutually Supportive Land Use Patterns-Transportation Facilities Model Enhancements Implementing Mechanisms. New Vision and Goals.

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Challenges of Integrated Transportation and Land Use Planning

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  1. Challenges of Integrated Transportation and Land Use Planning Reid Ewing Rutgers University

  2. The Challenges • New Vision and Goals • New Performance Measures • Mutually Supportive Land Use Patterns-Transportation Facilities • Model Enhancements • Implementing Mechanisms

  3. New Vision and Goals

  4. Florida’s Definition of Sprawl (Rule 9J-5.003, Florida Administrative Code) • Leapfrog or Scattered Development • Ribbon or Strip Commercial Development • Expanses of Low-Density or Single-Use Development

  5. Sprawl

  6. Sprawl

  7. Sprawl

  8. Sprawl vs. Walk Share to Work

  9. Sprawl vs. VMT per Capita

  10. Demand for Alternatives • Changing American Demographics • Desire for Community and Neighborliness • Growing Frustration with Congestion • Growing Interest in Health and Fitness

  11. Too Much Grass to Mow

  12. We Are Not European

  13. Charlotte Corridors and Wedges Plan

  14. It Can Happen

  15. New Performance Measures

  16. Commonly Used Performance Measures

  17. HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL Special Report 209 TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD National Research Council The “Bible” Are these really the best measures for quality of transportation service?

  18. Old Speed Paradigm -> Roadway LOS

  19. New Paradigms

  20. TEA-21 Planning Factors • Economic Vitality • Accessibility and Mobility Options • Safety and Security for all Users • Environmental Protection, Energy Conservation, and Quality of Life • Enhanced Modal Integration and Connectivity • Efficient System Management and Operation • System Preservation

  21. Oregon’s Transportation Policy Rule Rule requires MPOs to reduce VMT per capita by 10% over 20 years in metro areas with more than 1 million population, and by 5% over 20 years in metro areas with 1 million or less population

  22. New Florida Law Multimodal Development District law allows local governments to establish multimodal level-of-service standards that rely primarily on nonvehicular modes of transportation within a district

  23. New Maryland Law Transportation Funding Areas Law requires the Department of Transportation (DOT) to establish measurable long‑term and short‑term performance goals in designated smart growth areas for increasing the systemwide share of trips by mass transit, walking, bicycling, and high occupancy vehicles

  24. Mutually Supportive Land-Use Patterns and Transportation Facilities

  25. Rail Lines Without Riders

  26. Sidewalks Without Pedestrians

  27. Limits of New Urbanism

  28. Cognitive Dissonance

  29. The Future Belongs to Hybrids

  30. Megatrends “In a relatively short time, the unified mass society has fractionalized into many diverse groups of people with a wide array of different taste and values, what advertisers call a market-segmented, market-decentralized society.” Naisbitt 1982

  31. Urban Refill

  32. Green Development

  33. Transit-Oriented Development

  34. Pedestrian Villages

  35. Hybrid Communities

  36. Hybrid Neighborhoods

  37. Model Enhancements

  38. Conventional 4-step models are not sensitive to effects of density, mix, and design on travel behavior Travel Demand Modeling Issue =

  39. Differences in Travel Patterns • Vehicle Ownership • Home-Based Trip Productions • Non-Home Based Trip Attractions • Intrazonal Trips • Transit Trips • Walk Trips • Peak Hour Factors

  40. TRANSIMS Framework

  41. LUTRAQ Study Area

  42. Different Future Land Use Patterns

  43. Less VMT (and Everything Else) with LUTRAQ

  44. Westside MAX Line -- Suburban TOD

  45. Land-Use Impacts

  46. Implementing Mechanisms

  47. Examples • Adequate Public Facilities Requirements • Transit-Oriented Development • Context-Sensitive Highway Design • Traffic Calming • Access Management • Regional Growth Management

  48. Change in VMT Per Capita (1990-99) Baltimore = 2.15 Orlando = 3.95 Portland = 4.64

  49. Florida Growth Management – General Failure

  50. 1985 Concurrency Requirement

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