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Land-Use & Integrated Planning

Land-Use & Integrated Planning. Scottish Policy Innovation Forum April 4, 2008. Dr. Grahame M. Buchan, Glasgow & Clyde Valley Structure Plan Joint Committee. Today’s Menu. Land-use/spatial development planning in Scotland The New Scottish Planning System 2009

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Land-Use & Integrated Planning

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  1. Land-Use & Integrated Planning Scottish Policy Innovation Forum April 4, 2008 Dr. Grahame M. Buchan, Glasgow & Clyde Valley Structure Plan Joint Committee

  2. Today’s Menu • Land-use/spatial development planning in Scotland • The New Scottish Planning System 2009 • Constraints & Obstacles in the Scottish Planning System • Institutional Capacity-building • the new integration paradigm? • Integration Models • The question of ‘step-change’ in integration policy • Conclusions

  3. Spatial Development Planning in Scotland Land-use – Integrated Planning

  4. Spatial Development Planning • Statutory – defined by Parliament • NPF (national); SDP (regional); LDP (local issues) • development of geographical space • spatial development priorities • infrastructure needs • Long-term – climate of certainty and confidence • Investment agenda for public and private sectors • Defined investment priorities for EU Structural Funds • Integrated economic, social and environmental aims • The ‘stakeholder’ community • The ‘modernisation’ agenda 2009 • Low in the ‘pecking order’ – ‘Cinderella’ syndrome

  5. A Scottish Perspective Constraints & Obstacles

  6. The Power – Responsibility Matrix Government Business Model Power SPDA Responsibility

  7. The Planning Context • Separation of Planning and Implementation • Resources – Government & Private sector • Isolation from Agencies’ resources • A Fragmented Public Sector • Agenda and priority conflicts e.g. ‘ring-master role’ • The Non-Governmental Sector • Powerful lobbying - Single issue approach • Development Sector • 'Bottom-line' v. Public Policy

  8. Institutional Capacity (IC) - The New Public Policy Paradigm A new skill-set for Planners?

  9. Spatial planning Economy Transport Environment Infrastructure Housing Health Development Government NPF, L.A. SDP/LDP Government; S.E. Government TS, SPT, Network Rail, Operators, NGOs SEPA, SNH, FCS, RSPB, NGOs Scottish Water, BT, National Grid Government, C.S., H.A., Private Boards, Private, Partnerships Private sector Companies Fragmentation – ‘Silos’ of Responsibility

  10. Governance – the art of Institutional Capacity • Mutual understanding • Common perspectives & perceptions • Involvement • ‘Buy-in’ • Ownership • Integration • Signals • ‘Horizon-scanning’ • Futures • Vision • Scenario analysis • Risk Management • Consensus-building

  11. ‘Building IC’ – a Shared Spatial Vision of the Future? Joint Committee GCVJSPC ConstituentAuthorities Universities GU & SU Natural Environment Agency (SNH) Scottish Executive (Observer status) City Region Spatial Strategy Environment Agency (SEPA) Economic Agencies SE CS (Housing Agency) Utility Companies HealthBoards Regional Transport Partnership

  12. Institutional Capacity Governance – Current Models

  13. Partnerships – GCV Metropolitan Examples • Formal Models (U.R.C.) • Clyde Gateway Flagship Initiative • Clydebank Rebuilt • Riverside Inverclyde • ‘Informal’ Models • Glasgow & Clyde Valley Community Planning • Clyde Waterfront Flagship Initiative • (but with embedded formal URCs) • Glasgow & Clyde Valley Green Network • Glasgow Metropolitan Strategic Drainage Plan Glasgow & Clyde Valley Structure Plan Joint Committee

  14. Delivery Models – the New IC Paradigm? • Formal Models – Special Delivery Vehicles • Legal basis • Dedicated Funding • Company status – e.g. URC • Sovereign powers • Dedicated staff • ‘Informal’ Models – ‘loose partnerships’ • Voluntary • Memorandum of Understandings (MoU) • Flexible • Shared powers • Dedicated resource as needed Glasgow & Clyde Valley Structure Plan Joint Committee

  15. Health Boards Glasgow Centre for Population & Health CommunitiesScotland Health Exercise Housing FCS GREEN NETWORK Economy Environment Quality of Life Biodiversity Place creation SNH ScottishEnterprise GCV Local Authorities (8)

  16. GCV Green Network Partners GCV Community Planning Leaders GCV Structure Plan JC GCV Green Network Partnership Board 8 Local Authorities Communities Scotland Forestry Commission Scotland Scottish Enterprise Scottish Natural Heritage Glasgow Centre for Population Health • GCV Green Network Partners • BTCV • Central Scotland Forest Trust • Health Boards • Greenspace Scotland • RSPB • SWT • Wise Group GCV Green Network Stakeholders LA Departments LECs Businesses Community Groups Forest Enterprise Housing Associations Land Owners Property Developers GCV Green Network Executive Team Programme Manager Development Officer Communications Officer Administration Officer Glasgow & Clyde Valley Structure Plan Joint Committee

  17. Glasgow City Council SEPA Scottish Water MGSDP Partnership Scottish Enterprise Scottish Executive GCVSP Joint Committee

  18. Land-use – Integrated Planning The Need for ‘Step-Change’ in Policy? The Challenge for Central Government

  19. Equal status Flexible Dynamic ‘Fit-for-purpose’ Low overheads Minimal hierarchy Favoured by Central Government ‘Looseness’ Non-binding Good will/self-interest Can’t tackle key obstacles Chasing resources Minimal power/authority Ultimately – negotiated consensus! Current Approaches – ‘Pros’ & ‘Cons’ Pros Cons

  20. ‘Step-Change’ - Integrated Spatial Planning • Sustainable economic development • Climate change imperatives • Compact/densified cities • Public transport investment • ‘TOD’, ‘POD’ & ‘GOD’ • Clean air, energy & water • Biodiversity & environmental quality • Social integration

  21. Policy Options - A Continuum of Integration New FUR Government – The Stuttgart Model New Regional-level organisation – an arm of public governance • Spatial planning – L.A. function • Economic planning – S.G. & Agency function • Transport planning – S.G./SPT function • Environmental protection – S.G. Agency function • Drainage infrastructure – S.W. function • Spatial planning • Economic planning • Transport planning • Drainage planning • Environmental planning Local Authorities, SE, SPT, Scottish Water, Transport Scotland……. Increasing functional integration Increasing organisational integration

  22. The City-Region Model – Transport Structures Inter- Regional Transport Systems Regional Transport Systems

  23. Conclusions • Spatial Development Planning – the ‘Cinderella’? • An unenviable operating environment • A track record of ‘governance’ – the leader • A range of effective models • Time for a ‘step-change’? • Merger ‘Government’ & ‘Governance’ – elite unit! • The real challenge – Central Government!

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