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This guide explores fundamental concepts of genetics, including alleles, genotypes, and phenotypes. Learn about dominant and recessive alleles: dominant alleles determine an organism's phenotype, while recessive alleles do not express when paired with a dominant one. It also covers key terms like heterozygous and homozygous, with examples such as black and brown fur in rabbits. Discover how to predict offspring traits using Punnett squares and calculate the probability of specific traits in genetic crosses.
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Genetics and Punnett Squares Dominant- describes an allele that determines the phenotype of an individual organism when two different copies are present in the genotype Recessive-describes an allele that is not expressed when combined with a dominant form of the gene Heterozygous- having different pairs of alleles for the same characteristic Homozygous-having identical pairs of alleles for the same characteristic Genotype- the name for the genes an organism has Phenotype- the physical features of an organism
Example: In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to brown fur (b). Give the genotype of a heterozygous black rabbit: _____________ Give the phenotype of a homozygous brown rabbit: ____________ If a heterozygous black rabbit and a brown rabbit were crossed, what is the probability that their offspring will be brown? Show your work.
