1. SESSION: RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE Stronger and More Resilient Infrastructure to Accommodate the Effects of Sea Level Rise Michael V. Tumulty, P.E., Vice President, Environmental Market Leader, STV Inc. Climate change is affecting how natural disasters impact our infrastructure and communities. This presentation will discuss the need for communities to invest in resilient infrastructure along with examples of how communities are implementing resilient infrastructure. The discussion will include cutting edge technologies, as well as tried and true strategies. The presentation will discuss examples on how different countries deal with the threat of flooding and storm surge, and what is being done to get several important transportation assets around New York City protected from future storms like Superstorm Sandy. Michael has 30 years of experience in environmental and civil engineering projects including environmental permitting, solid and hazardous waste management, environmental remediation, and coastal engineering. On the environmental front, Michael has directed numerous site assessments, subsurface investigations, remedial investigations, and remedial designs. Earlier in his career, Michael provided coastal engineering services including computer modeling of storm surges routed into New York Harbor and Newark Bay for the US Army Corps of Engineers and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). He provided investigations and design of shorefront structures in New York, New Jersey, Alaska, Dominican Republic, and Portugal. He received his Master of Science in Environmental Engineering from the State University of New York at Stony Brook and his Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering from Hofstra University.

2. Stronger and More Resilient Infrastructure to Accommodate Sea Level Rise Michael V. Tumulty, P.E.

3. London’s tidal barrier across the Thames protects the city from flooding

4. Thames Barrier with gates up – in the defensive position

5. Thames Barrier with gates down – in the normal position

6. New York Harbor at The Battery • Highest Historical Storm Surge Crests: • (1) 14.06 ft on 10/29/2012 (Sandy) • (2) 10.02 ft on 09/12/1960 • (3) 9.70 ft on 12/11/1992 • (4) 9.51 ft on 08/28/2011 • (5) 9.12 ft on 11/25/1950 • (6) 8.92 ft on 03/06/1962 • (7) 8.73 ft on 10/31/1991 • (8) 8.53 ft on 03/29/1984 • (9) 8.51 ft on 03/14/2010 • (10) 8.36 ft on 03/14/1993 • Elevations reference Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) • Records Started in 1920 • Past data indicates sea level rise has averaged 1.2 ft / 100 years

7. Hurricane Sandy – tide elevations at “The Battery” in lower Manhattan Highest storm surge elevation (13.88 ft MLLW) ever recorded in NY Harbor

8. Hurricane Irene, 2011 • Feasibility Study to Evaluate Alternatives for Protection from Tidal Storm Surges • Effective Alternatives • Drainage conveyance improvements • Construction of barriers • Impoundment and storage of flood waters • Yard asset hardening • Raising elevation of ground/structures • Use of adjacent land to accommodate flooding

9. Coney lsland Rail Yard 9

10. Concept of a Tidal Barrier at Entrance to Coney Island CreekRef. PlaNYC “A Stronger, More Resilient New York,” June 2013

11. Rail Yard Flood Barrier

12. Rail Yard Flood Barrier Gates

13. Perimeter Protection Flood walls Swales Diversion Piping

14. USACOE has considered tidal barriers for New York & New Jersey since 1960

15. Tidal barrier proposed for upper Newark Bay (1975 and 1981)

16. 1950 Northeaster Surge used to model flooding with effects of tidal barrier closed – defensive position Storm surge height is limited upstream of barrier

18. Possible Barrier Across the Verrazano - Narrows Entrance to New York Harbor