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Emigration from Ukraine

This analysis explores migration patterns from Ukraine to the Czech Republic and other CIS and Baltic states between 1990 and 2005, examining the ethnic composition of emigrants, net migration figures, and the factors influencing labor migration. It highlights the state migration policies of Ukraine, challenges faced by migrants, and various estimates regarding the volume of Ukrainian labor migration abroad. Key issues include the educational levels of migrants, their occupations, and assessments of their working conditions in host countries, particularly in the Czech Republic.

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Emigration from Ukraine

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  1. Emigration from Ukraine and Czech Republic

  2. 2. Migration between Ukraine and CIS and Baltic states in 1990-2005, th.

  3. 3. Net migration between Ukraine and CIS and Baltic states in 1990-2005, th.

  4. 4. Net migration in 1991-2005, th.

  5. 5. Emigration from Ukraineto the countries, which were not the part of the USSR, in 1990-2005, th.

  6. 6. Ethnic structure of emigrants going to the countries, which were not the part of the USSR, in 1990-2005, %

  7. 7. Ethnic structure of emigrants to Czech Republic in 2000-2005

  8. 8. International labor migration according the statistics of official mediators, th.

  9. 9. The estimates of the volume of Ukrainian labor migration abroad from different sources • Survey of the State Committee of Statistics of Ukraine (2001) – at least 1.2 M • Estimates of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine – over 2 M • Estimates based on the national sociological monitoring of the Institute of Sociology of the NASU – 2.3 M • Estimates of the Ministry of Labor of Ukraine – 2.5 M • Estimates of the Institute of Demography and Social Research of the NASU -2.7 M • Estimates of the Ukrainian politicians – 5-9 M

  10. 10. Last trip of migrants by main occupation in destination, %

  11. 11. Last trip of migrants by length,%

  12. 12. The educational level of migrants, %

  13. 13. The main occupation of migrants at home, %

  14. 14. Destinations of Ukrainian labor migrants according to estimates of Ukrainian embassies abroad, th.

  15. 15. Destinations of Ukrainian labor migrants according to survey data, %

  16. 16. Destinations of different groups of Ukrainian labor migrants according to survey data, %

  17. 17. Shares of respondents who worked abroad for over three months • Czech Republic – 59.7% • Russia – 27.7% • Poland – 10.7%

  18. 18. Employment Structure of Ukrainian Labor Migrants in Czech Republic, %

  19. 19. Employment abroad with the help of Ukrainian official mediators

  20. 20. Share of respondents who emigrated with the assistance of the employer • Czech Republic – 16% • Russia – 5.1% • Poland – 1.5%

  21. 21. Respondents’ Assessment of Their Work in Czech Republic • Wages were unfair– 50% • Lacked security – 63,9% • Lacked legal support in protecting their rights – 77% • lacked protection from robbery and blackmail – 85%

  22. 22. Providing of households with some household equipment and cars

  23. 23. Main pillars of migration policy of Ukraine according the President’s Decree of 1977 • Support for repatriations of ethnic Ukrainians; • Return of deported people; • Help to refugees and asylum-seekers; • Regulation of immigration of foreigners and stateless persons to Ukraine.

  24. 24. The main directions of the migration policy of Ukraine added in 2000 • 1) protection of social and economic interests and rights of the Ukrainian labor migrants; • 2) preservation of labor and intellectual potential of the state; • 3) elaboration of legal, social and economic principles of regulation of external labor migration of the citizens of Ukraine

  25. 25. The main gaps of Ukrainian labor migration policy • Absence of conceptual documents on national migration policy; • Declarative nature of the documents and absence of effective mechanisms of implementation the policy; • Priorities of activity, specified by documents, are mainly in the area of law and did not cover social and economic aspects of labor migration; • The little coordination between different governmental agencies in the field; • Lack of the effective system of collecting, processing and analyzing statistical and other information on migration; • Legal protection of Ukrainians abroad is still defined narrowly in the sense that it is provided by diplomatic officials.

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