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Employment

Employment. The right to work as a basic human right. The right to work is one of the human rights mentioned in the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law It is the right of every human to work and they should not be prevented from it.

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Employment

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  1. Employment

  2. The right to work as a basic human right The right to work is one of the human rights mentioned in the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law • It is the right of every human to work and they should not be prevented from it

  3. The right to work in the Constitution of the RC – Article 54 Everyone shall have the right to work and enjoy the freedom of work. Everyone shall be free to choose his vocation and occupation, and all jobs and duties shall be accessible to everyone under the same conditions.

  4. Employment law • Regulates the relationship between employer and employee and labour relations between employers and trade unions, for example with regard to collective agreements and collective bargaining about conditions of work

  5. Main rights of employees • Entitlement to a national minimum wage • Equal pay for like work (broadly similar work) • An itemised pay statement • Time off and holidays • Sick pay • A healthy and safe working environment • Family and parental leave

  6. Protection against discrimination • Every worker has the right not to be discrimnated against on grounds of sex, race, sexual orientation, disability, religion, age or trade union membership

  7. Types of employment 1. Full-time employment 2. Part-time employment Fixed-term employment – restricted period of employment set out in contract

  8. Contract of employment • A written agreement which sets out rights and obligations of employers and employees • Clauses in the contract deal with pay, deductions, hours of work, time off and leave, place of work, confidentiality, restrictive covenant (restrictions on the actions of an employee once empployment is ended), giving notice, the grievance procedures in the event of job loss

  9. Starting employment • Employing new staff is usuallyreferred to as RECRUITMENT – carriedoutby human resources departments • Candidatesmayundergotests, required to file anapplication, submit a CV andhaveaninterview • Inmanyjobs, new recruits start out as trainees for a certain period (traineeship)

  10. Terminating employment • Anemployeecanresign (quit) when he/shefindsanother job or is dissatisfiedwiththecurrent one • Anemployercandismissanemployeebecause he or she is no longerneeded (redundancy) or becauseofmisconduct (summarydismissal)

  11. Essential terms • The employment /unemployment rate • Active population – labour force • Wages – monthly earnings • Jobseekers • Long-term and short-term unemployed • Labour market • Equal opportunities

  12. More and better jobs for everyone: The European Employment Strategy • Read the text on p. 15 and answer the following questions: • How many EU citizens are loooking for work in vain? • What is the employment rate in the USA? • How many jobseekers in Europe have been unemployed for over a year? • What is the EU objective with regard to employment?

  13. European Employment Strategy Guidelines built on four priorities: • Employability • Entrepreneurship • Adaptability • Equal opportunities

  14. EU at work • Employment seen as a top priority • This means creating more and better jobs for EU citizens and ensuring equal opportunities so that everyone who wants can work • Employment rates vary from country to country

  15. Disadvantaged groups • Population groups with special difficulties on the labour market: • The long-term unemployed • Older jobseekers and first-time jobseekers • People with disabilities • Women • Ethnic minorities

  16. Employment goals Three main targets to be achieved by 2020: • 75 % of people aged 20-64 employed • School drop-out rates below 10 % and at least 40 % of 30-34-year-olds completing higher education • At least 20 million fewer people in or at risk of poverty and social exclusion

  17. Gender inequalities in employment • The employment rate for women in the EU 18.2% below the male rate • Women earn 20% less than men (nearly 25% in the private sector of some countries) • The labour market is segregated by gender • Women account for 77% of low-income employees

  18. The division of family responsibilities is still very unequal between women and men. • The risk of poverty is higher for women than for men. • Women are the main victims of gender-based violence and are more vulnerable to human trafficking. 

  19. Why men and women can never be equal • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xH1FKOuLQWA&feature=related • Any comments?

  20. Thank you for your attention!

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