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Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer. Conduction Convection Radiation. Heat Transfer. Heat always moves from a warmer place to a cooler place. Hot objects in a cooler room will cool to room temperature. Cold objects in a warmer room will heat up to room temperature. Food for thought….

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Heat Transfer

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  1. Heat Transfer Conduction Convection Radiation

  2. Heat Transfer • Heat always moves from a warmer place to a cooler place. • Hot objects in a cooler room will cool to room temperature. • Cold objects in a warmer room will heat up to room temperature.

  3. Food for thought… • If a cup of coffee and a red popsicle were left on the table in this room what would happen to them? Why? • The cup of coffee will cool until it reaches room temperature. The popsicle will melt and then the liquid will warm to room temperature.

  4. Heat Transfer Methods • Heat transfers in three ways: • Conduction • Convection • Radiation

  5. Conduction the process of heat transfer from one substance to another by DIRECT CONTACT

  6. Spoon Demonstration- Metal or Plastic?

  7. Create this table in your notebook

  8. Spoon Demonstration- Metal or Plastic? Which spoon conducts heat best? Which type of material is the best heat conductor? Which material is the poorest conductor?

  9. Conduction When you heat a metal strip at one end, the heat travels to the other end. As you heat the metal, the particles vibrate, these vibrations make the adjacent particles vibrate, and so on and so on, the vibrations are passed along the metal and so is the heat. We call this? Conduction

  10. Metals are different The outer e______ of metal atoms drift, and are free to move. lectrons When the metal is heated, this ‘sea of electrons’ gain kinetic energy and transfer it throughout the metal. Insulators, such wood and plastic, do not have this ‘sea of electrons’ which is why they do not conduct heat as well as metals.

  11. Why does metal feel colder than wood, if they are both at the same temperature? Metal is a conductor, wood is an insulator. Metal conducts the heat away from your hands. Wood does not conduct the heat away from your hands as well as the metal, so the wood feels warmer than the metal.

  12. Conduction Mini-Lab Send one person to get a cup of ice cubes and paper towels for your table group. You are going to hold the ice cube in your hand over the paper towel. In you ISN answer the following questions: In one sentence describe what happens to the ice cube. Does the heat transfer from your hand to the ice cube or from the ice cube your hand? WHY? How is this conduction?

  13. Join me at the lab table for a quick demonstration! Convection Demonstration -Illustrate what you observed in 6 steps. -Explain what you saw? -Why do you think this was happening?

  14. Convection the transfer of energy from place to place by the motion of a liquid or a gas

  15. Convection What happens to the particles in a liquid or a gas when you heat them? The particles spread out and become less dense. What is a fluid? A liquid or gas. This effects fluid movement.

  16. Fluid movement Cooler, more d____, fluids sink through w_____, less dense fluids. ense armer In effect, warmer liquids and gases r___ up. ise Cooler liquids and gases s___. ink

  17. Water movement Cools at the surface Convection current Hot water rises Cooler water sinks

  18. Why is it windy at the seaside?

  19. Cold air sinks Where is the freezer compartment put in a fridge? Freezer compartment It is warmer at the bottom, so this warmer air rises and a convection current is set up. It is put at the top, because cool air sinks, so it cools the food on the way down.

  20. Convection questions Why does hot air rise and cold air sink? Cool air is more dense than warm air, so the cool air ‘falls through’ the warm air. Why are boilers placed beneath hot water tanks in people’s homes? Hot water rises. So when the boiler heats the water, and the hot water rises, the water tank is filled with hot water.

  21. Convection Mini-Lab In your ISN: Illustrate the lab set up and what you observed. List all materials used in this experiment. Explain the movement of the rheoscopic fluid. Why do you think this is happening? How can you relate this movement to what is happening in the atmosphere? Hint: Use your Atmosphere Temperature graph to help you answer this question. In one sentence, write a concluding statement about this lab using the word CONVECTION.

  22. Exit Slip Can you think of any real world examples of convection???

  23. Radiation- What is it??? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JZciWtK6vc

  24. Radiation energy that travels distances in the form of waves

  25. How does radiation work? http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/lsps07_int_heattransfer/

  26. The third method of heat transfer How does heat energy get from the Sun to the Earth? There are no particles between the Sun and the Earth so it CANNOT travel by conduction or by convection. RADIATION ?

  27. Gases in the atmosphere can absorb radiation • On a sunny day objects around you look bright. Earth’s atmosphere reflects or absorbs some sunlight, but allows most of the visible light to pass through to Earth’s surface. • A cloudy day is darker because clouds reflect and absorb most of the sunlight, so less light passes through to the ground.

  28. Atmosphere can affect light in four ways… • It can… • absorb light • reflect light • let it pass through • emit or give off light

  29. Understanding the Greenhouse Effect Certain gases in the atmosphere slow the energy away from Earths surface. The gases absorb and emit the Earth’s radiation which keeps energy in Earths system for a while. This process is called the Greenhouse Effect.

  30. Understanding the Greenhouse Effect • How is wearing a jacket in the winter comparable to the Greenhouse Effect?

  31. Radiation Mini-Lab You will roast a marshmallow using the radiation from a candle on your lab station. Go over safety procedures as a class. Answer the reflection questions in your ISN. Eat a special treat- IF YOU CATCH YOUR MARSHMALLOW ON FIRE YOU DO NOT GET TO EAT IT!!

  32. Radiation Mini-Lab Reflection Questions- Answer in COMPLETE sentences! Illustrate your lab set up and label all materials. What type of heat transfer is taking place in this lab? How is the heat transferred to the marshmallow without touching the flame of the candle? Complete the following statement: If you caught your marshmallow on fire this would be ______________, not _______________.

  33. Heat Transfer Review Title a page in your ISN “Heat Transfer Review”

  34. Quiz Number your paper 1-5 Use the table you have just completed to help you with the questions. This is to be done individually!

  35. 1. Which of the following is not a method of heat transfer? A. Radiation B. Insulation C. Conduction D. Convection

  36. 2. In which of the following are the particles closest together? A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gas D. Fluid

  37. 3. How does heat energy reach the Earth from the Sun? A. Radiation B. Conduction C. Convection D. Insulation

  38. 4. Which is the best surface for reflecting heat radiation? A. Shiny white B. Dull white C. Shiny black D. Dull black

  39. 5. Which is the best surface for absorbing heat radiation? A. Shiny white B. Dull white C. Shiny black D. Dull black

  40. Heat Transfer Challenge In groups you will classify each scenario into the proper category using your knowledge of heat transfer.

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