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Welding Safety. Introduction. What is a safe working/learning environment?. A safe working/learning environment is required by federal and state law. Accident. What causes accidents?. What is an accident?. Hazards. Conclusion: A safe environment is a hazard free environment.
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Introduction • What is a safe working/learning environment? A safe working/learning environment is required by federal and state law.
Accident What causes accidents? • What is an accident?
Hazards Conclusion: A safe environment is a hazard free environment Is it possible to have a hazard free environment? NO !! Will every hazard result in an accident? NO !! What is a hazard?
Hazards—cont. If hazards cause accidents and hazards are always present in the work/learning environment, then how do we provide a safe work/learning environment?
Safety Plan Each one of these will be discussed in more detail. • All schools and manufacturing facilities must have a safety plan. • Safety plans must be customized for the work place and hazards, but all plans should have the following seven (7) sections. • Hazard awareness • Risk assessment • Management • Education • Evaluation • Review • Documentation
Safety Plan –1. Hazard Awareness Who can help you identify hazards? What is a hazard inventory? What do you do with a hazard inventory? Hazard awareness is the identification and inventory of all hazards in the work area.
Hazard Awareness—cont.--Seven (7) Categories of Hazards 1. Electrical 3. Human 2. Environmental 4. Mechanical 5. Chemical 6. Animal 7. Fire Can you give an example of each category typically found in a secondary school shop? Will a list of typical hazards found in manufacturing be different?
Safety Plan—2. Risk Assessment What is risk? How do you determine the probability that a hazard will cause an accident? Is an individuals perception of risk accurate? • Sources of information: • OSHA • MSDS • Other professionals • Standard practice • Experience
Risk Assessment– cont--Risk Can a persons decisions and behaviors influence risk? Conclusion? Does therisk level for a hazard stay the same? Explain?
Risk Assessment - Risk—cont. Hazards always exist in every environment. What must a person do to be safe? Accidents are caused by hazards.
Safety Plan--3. Management What is the first step in work place risk management? Can all hazards be eliminated? Best management technique is called “Best Management Practices (BMP)” • What is BMP? If the hazards can not be eliminated, how are the risks managed?
3. Control –cont.--Best Management Practices • Five concepts: • Policies and procedures. • Can you give an example? 1. Best Management practices (BMP) are generally-accepted, informally-standardized techniques, methods or processes that have proven themselves over time to accomplish given tasks.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Almost all human activity requires some form of protective equipment. • Mutton busting • Scuba diving www.tsa.gov www.usrodeosupply.com In the shop it is important to wear the correct PPE for the activity.
Shop PPE • Safety Glasses & Face Shields • Required whenever there is a hazard from flying objects, acids, caustic chemicals, fertilizers, pesticides, solvents, molten metal and hot water. • One design does not protect from all hazards. • Flying objects (Z87.) • Chemicals (No vents or indirect vents) • Molten metal (wire mesh) http://www.teachersource.com http://www.tokyohobby.net
PPE Shop--cont. • Hair Restraints • Long hair can be easily caught in rotation equipment. • Hair net • Hat • Etc.
PPE Shop--cont.Clothing • The purpose of clothing is to protect the skin and extremities. • Coveralls • Aprons • Shop coats • Footwear • Gloves • Hardhats • Masks and respirators • Ear muffs & ear plugs
3. Control—cont. - Best Management Practices--2 • Reasonable and prudent person. Can you give an example? 2. BMP’s are often based upon common sense, these practices are commonly used where no specific formal rule or policy is in place or the existing rules and policies do not sufficiently address the issue.
3. Control—cont. - Best Management Practices--3 Evaluate and review What does this mean? 3. The idea behind BMP’s is that with proper processes, checks and testing, a desired outcome can be delivered more effectively with fewer problems and unforeseen complications.
3. Control—cont. - Best Management Practices--4 Revise and adapt? How does this work in welding? 4. A "best" practice can evolve to become better as improvements are discovered.
3. Control—cont. - Best Management Practices--5 Outside intervention. Canyou give an example? 5. BMP’s can be required by law or policy.
Safety Plan--4. Education What is the best method to use to communicate a safety plan? The best safety plan in the world is useless unless the students/employees know what it contains, adopt it and follow it.
Safety Plan--5. Evaluation Personal: evaluate how well a person has learned and follows safe practices. Program: Evaluate the effectiveness of the training program. Two types of evaluation. Personal Program
Safety Plan--6. Review A good safety plan must be reviewed constantly. Who should be involved in the review process? • Two reasons to review safety plan. • Government standards change. • The skills, abilities and attitudes of individuals are not consistent. • The individuals exposed to the hazards change. • The hazards in the workplace change.
Safety Plan--7 - Documentation • It is imperative that the teacher/supervisor keep records of safety instruction. • What was taught • When was it taught • Who attended • Documentation • Multiple copies of critical records should be keep in multiple locations.
Examples of Specific Hazards and BMP’s for Welding Wear gloves and welding apparel. Use pliers when handling hot metal. Hot metal Wear appropriate shade of lens. Keep skin covered. Harmful light Flying objects Wear safety glasses with side shields. Inspect equipment before use. Keep resistance high. Electrical Tripping Practice good housekeeping. Noise Wear approved hearing protection. Fumes Use forced ventilation.
