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THE GOLDEN AGE OF GREECE AND GREEK THOUGHT

THE GOLDEN AGE OF GREECE AND GREEK THOUGHT. BEFORE THE GOLDEN AGE. Greco-Persian War- occurred because of Athens’ support of Ionia. TWO MAIN BATTLES. Battle of Marathon Surprising win for Greeks Story of Pheidippides. BATTLE OF THERMOPYLAE. 100,000 Persians “defeated” by 7,000 Greeks

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THE GOLDEN AGE OF GREECE AND GREEK THOUGHT

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  1. THE GOLDEN AGE OF GREECE AND GREEK THOUGHT

  2. BEFORE THE GOLDEN AGE • Greco-Persian War- occurred because of Athens’ support of Ionia

  3. TWO MAIN BATTLES • Battle of Marathon • Surprising win for Greeks Story of Pheidippides

  4. BATTLE OF THERMOPYLAE • 100,000 Persians “defeated” by 7,000 Greeks • Story of “300” Spartans • Importance?

  5. EFFECTS • Iron weapons (used by Greeks) prove better than bronze weapons • Creation of phalanx • Delian League is formed- leads to Athens’ empire and disputes between Athens/Sparta • Begins Golden Age of Athens • Greece no longer vulnerable to Persians

  6. WHAT IS A GOLDEN AGE? • ATHENS was at the forefront of world in MANY areas • In Athens- based on Political, military, intellectual advancement

  7. ARCHITECTURE: THE PARTHENON

  8. WHAT MAKES IT GREAT? • Building style (columns, symmetry) • Building use (beauty vs. shelter) • Influences architecture of future • Use of “golden rectangle”- ratio of 1 to 1.61803

  9. ART:

  10. “THE SCHOOL OF ATHENS” • Sculpted their view of Greek gods • Showed what they viewed as “beauty” NOT what was real • Symmetry again!

  11. THEATRE • SOPHOCLES- social critic • EURIPIDES- non-religious plays • ARISTOPHANES- comedies • Comedy/Tragedy

  12. PHILOSOPHY • SOCRATES- Socratic method • DEMOCRITUS- first to propose atom theory

  13. POLITICS • Pericles- stable direct democracy • Led programs for poor • Known for speeches- funeral oration

  14. ON THE OTHER HAND… • Sparta- agricultural economy • Government with checks and balances • Extremely militarized culture • Actually better liked throughout Greece than Athens

  15. ENDED BY: • Peloponessian War • Death of Pericles- 429 BCE LED TO: New age of Greek thought…WHY?

  16. Peloponnesian War

  17. SPARTA vs. ATHENS • Athens= strong navy • Sparta= strong army • Athens weakened by Sparta burning food supply • Plague kills 1/3 of Athens’ population • Sparta still unsuccessful in defeating Athens until 404 BCE

  18. THE RESULT • Sparta wins- but not really • Athens loses empire, power and wealth • Athenians lose confidence in democracy • Sparta also sapped of resources and declines both economically and militarily

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