1. Morphine 組員陳品璇 4000Z009 歐子嘉 4000Z015 陳姿樺 4000Z054 賴俊潾 4011Z005

2. Main idea the first paragraph • Morphine is a very potent drug known as an opiate that is used in the filed of medicine to relieve pain.

3. Vocabulary • Potent 有力的– very strong • Opiate 鴉片類藥物 – a drug derived from the poppy plant • Relieve 緩解;減輕 – reduce ; decrease • Poppy seed 罌粟種子 – a plant fruit • Synthetic 合成;人工 – made by chemical process ; artificial • Manufactured 製成的– made by • Side effect 副作用– some medicine you take , you will feel not good • Administered 執行;使用 - execute • Chronic 慢性– continuous or recurring frequently

4. Main idea the second paragraph • Although Morphine is not a hallucinogen as the name might imply, it is just more than just a pain reliever. It also produces a euphoric mental state and relieves anxiety.

5. Vocabulary • Pharmacist 藥劑師– a profession • Isolated 分離– segregate ; discrete • Hallucinogen 迷幻藥 • Reliever 救助者 – Emancipator • Euphoric 愉悅– feel happy • Anxiety 焦慮劑

6. Main idea the third and fourth paragraph • Even people who do not suffer from chronic pain may find enjoyment from morphine, making it popular street drug. • Before the advent of heroin, morphine was commonly abused.

7. Vocabulary • Substitute 以…代替 -a person or thing that takes the place or function of another • Alcoholism 嗜酒;酒精中毒 -continued excessive or compulsive use of alcoholic drinks • Alleviate 減輕 -To lighten or lessen the force or weight • Prescribing 指示 -To direct, as a remedy to be used by a patient; as, the doctor prescribed quinine

8. Main idea the fifth paragraph • The withdrawal of morphine can cause nausea, diarrhea, fever and chills, watery eyes, runny nose, headaches, body ache, tremors, and irritability.

9. Vocabulary • Analgesic 鎮痛劑 – a drug used to alleviate pain • Withdrawal 停止吸毒 – the state of being without a drug on which on is dependent • Diarrhea 腹瀉- abnormally frequent intestinal evacuations with more or less fluid stool

10. Main ideas the sixth paragraph • Not only is morphine physically addictive, it is also psychologically addictive.

11. Vocabulary • Amnesia 記憶缺失 - loss of memory due usually to brain injury, shock, fatigue, repression, or illness

12. Main idea the seventh and eighthparagraph • In treating morphine addiction, it is essential that the patient’s environment is altered to one that does not reinforce morphine use. • Morphine is a highly effective drug to alleviate pain, but it should be used under the close supervision of a doctor.

13. Vocabulary • Withdrawal 停止吸毒 - stop drugging abuse • Relapse 復發- recurrence • Dose 劑量- dosage