World History Final Exam

1. World History Final Exam Study Guide

2. A trading company that made money through financing expeditions from Europe to Asia in search of goods to trade. • Dutch East India Company

3. Portuguese explorer, developed a direct route to India by following a route previously taken by another Portuguese explorer. • Bartholomeu Diaz

4. A Japanese warlord chief, this type of ruler had much more power than a regular warrior. • daimyo

5. A Japanese poem, consisting of a 5-7-5 syllable count. • haiku

6. The Chinese used this to assign characteristics to people according to their year of birth. • zodiac

7. Portuguese explorer, chose to explore for “God and gold”. He paved the way for other European explorers. • Vasco de Gama

8. A Japanese warrior. Know for his loyalty and discipline. • samurai

9. A type of Japanese theatre that depicts actual life. Only men were allowed to participate. • Kabuki

10. He started a navigation school where students learned mapmaking, science, and other subjects. • Prince Henry

11. A type of ship used by the Europeans during their period of exploration. • caravel

12. Lands controlled by another nation, often used as a way to gain wealth for the mother country. • colony

13. 2nd English colony in N. America; Located in Massachusetts • Plymouth

14. Known for his reforms which helped the Russian peasants. Won the support of the Russian • Peter the Great

15. Collected taxes and administered justice in Tsarist Russia • intendant

16. Known as the “Sun King”; One of the most well known absolute monarchs. Ruled FranceKnown for excessive spending • Louis XIV

17. Kings or queens which held all of the power in their boundaries. They answered to no one. • absolute monarchs

18. Idea that stated a country’s power depended mainly on its wealth. The more money a country had, the more powerful it would be. An economic system used primarily in colonies. Made colonies very important. • mercantilism

19. Idea that God intended certain monarchs to rule • Divine Right

20. 19. Between 1500-1600, over 300,000 Africans were enslaved and sent from African to North America. This was known as what? • Middle Passage

21. 20. English colonists that sought religious freedom • Pilgrims

22. 21. Originally From Genoa, Italy; sponsored by the Spanish Crown; “Discovered” North America • Christopher Columbus

23. Catholic priest; Ruled France after the death of Henry IV; He ruled for Louis XIII until he was mature enough to rule • Cardinal Richelieu

24. 23.Term referring to a Russian landowning noble . • boyar

25. The idea that nothing can ever be known for sure • skepticism

26. 25. A conflict over religion, territory, and power among European ruling families. • 30 years War

27. 26. What was the pen name of Francois Marie Arouet, who wrote many works advocating rights such as free speech and freedom of religion? • Voltaire

28. What Russian ruler had her husband imprisoned and possibly even murdered so that she could take power? • Catherine the Great

29. What is the name of the theory that states the earth is the center of the universe? • Geocentric Theory

30. What is the name of the theory that states the sun is the center of the universe? • Heliocentric Theory

31. Baron de Montesquieu’s idea that executive, legislative, and judicial responsibilities should be divided among different branches of government was used in the U.S. Constitution. What was this division known as? • Seperation of Power

32. Which scientist first performed a dissection of the human body, proving the medieval theories about human anatomy wrong? • Vesalius

33. What system required peasants to live and work on a landowner’s estate was temporarily abolished by Joseph II of Austria? • serfdom

34. 33. In which Austrian city did the great classical composers such as Mozart, Beethoven, and Haydn live? • Vienna

35. 34. Denis Diderot published a set of books with essays by many well-known philosophes. Their views angered both the Catholic Church and the French government. What was the title of this collection? • Encylopedia

36. 35. What Italian scientist was put on trial before the Inquisition because his books about astronomy undermined Church teachings and authority? • Galileo Galilee

37. 36. Thomas Jefferson based the Declaration of Independence on the ideas about natural rights of what English philosopher? • John Locke

38. 37. Who wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Women, arguing that women needed an education to become virtuous and useful? • Mary Wollstonecraft

39. 38. What were the names of the social gatherings that French hostesses organized for philosophical and political discussion? • salons

40. 39. What astronomer waited to publish his book, On the Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies, until the last years of his life for fear he would be persecuted or ridiculed? • Nicolas Copernicus

41. 40. What is the term for rulers who embraced the ideas of the Enlightenment and granted their subjects liberties such as freedom of religion and the press? • Enlightened Despots

42. 41. Which of the following was the system of government in France before the French Revolution took place. • Old Regime

43. 42. Before the French Revolution, France was divided into 3 social classes. Each social class was known as an ________. Estate

44. What group of French citizens made up the 1st estate? • Catholic clergy

45. What group of people made up the 2nd estate? • Rich Nobles

46. What group of people made up the 3rd estate? • peasants & middle class

47. Who was the King of France just before the French Revolution? • Louis XVI

48. Who was the queen of France just before the French Revolution? • Marie Antoinette

49. Why did peasants storm the Bastille? • To get weapons which they could use to defend themselves against the royal army.

50. What was the legislative body of France which was composed of members of the 3rd estate? • National Assembly