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Advanced Sensors for the Smartgrid

Explore the evolution of distribution grids and solutions for integrating advanced sensors in secondary substations. Learn about voltage sensors, current sensors, PLC coupling devices, and the road to integration. Discover diverse sensor solutions for precise measurements in existing switchgear.

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Advanced Sensors for the Smartgrid

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  1. Advanced Sensors for the Smartgrid How to deal with existing switchgear in Secondary Substations Authors: Aitor Arzuaga Jose Antonio Moreno Covadonga Coca

  2. The Diversity of the Distribution Grid • The Grid has evolved over time, patchwork. • Decades-old equipment. • Limited investment in distribution grids. • Different types of switchgear: Masonry Air Insulated Gas (SF6) Insulated Aitor Arzuaga – Spain – Session 1 Network Components – Paper 1091

  3. Voltage Sensors • Monitor voltage (magnitude / phase): • Transformer-based. • Dividers (capacitive, resistive). • Limitations: • Dimensions (existing space). • Installation. • Accuracy. • Parasitics. Aitor Arzuaga – Spain – Session 1 Network Components – Paper 1091

  4. Current Sensors • Monitor current in MV conductors. • Rogowski coils. • Fe Current transformers. • Fiber optics. • Limitations: • External conductor shielding. • Tradeoff installation simplicity vs accuracy. • Safety (open circuit). Aitor Arzuaga – Spain – Session 1 Network Components – Paper 1091

  5. PLC Coupling Devices • Couple PLC communications signal into MV lines. • Inductive couplers. • Capacitive couplers. • Limitations: • Frequency / bandwidth. • Impedance. • Security. • Installation complexity. Aitor Arzuaga – Spain – Session 1 Network Components – Paper 1091

  6. The road to Integration • Integration is the path to follow in existing MV distribution grids: • Lack of space in switchgear. • Installation time / cost. • Security (devices tapped into MV). • Enabler of Smartgrid in existing grid. • Types: • Voltage + current. • Voltage + PLC coupler. • Voltage + current + PLC coupler. Aitor Arzuaga – Spain – Session 1 Network Components – Paper 1091

  7. Conclusions • Different solutions exist with different levels of precision, cost and installation complexity. • The diversity of the MV grid requires a range of sensor solutions to cope with its diversity. • Sensors can be integrated to fit space limited applications, technically complex. • Precision requirements for analog measuments have to be carefully analyzed, tradeoffs made. Aitor Arzuaga – Spain – Session 1 Network Components – Paper 1091

  8. Thankyou!a.arzuaga@ziv.es

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