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Medium Scale Biogas

Medium Scale Biogas. Market introduction of the medium-scale plug-flow biogas digester in Vietnam. Rationale. Waste form intensive livestock farms create environmental pollution and has a negative impact on health and well being

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Medium Scale Biogas

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  1. Medium Scale Biogas Market introduction of the medium-scale plug-flow biogas digester in Vietnam

  2. Rationale • Waste form intensive livestock farms create environmental pollution and has a negative impact on health and well being • Medium scale farms are energy intensive – 24 hour power needed and high thermal energy requirements Anaerobic digestion solves both issues!

  3. Background Develop a sustainable market!!! SNV Domestic Biogas Program • 140,000 biogas digesters installed in 53 provinces • 1,600 mason (SME’s) teams trained • GHG emission reductions of ~6 tons CO2/year per digester • Save money and time; improved health for (mostly) women • Awards: • Energy Globe Award 2006 • Ashden Award 2010 • World Energy Award 2012

  4. Project Description “Market introduction of the medium-scale plug-flow biogas digester in Vietnam” • What does the market look like? • >20,000 medium to large farms • Growing at 10% p.a. • <0.5% served by anaerobic digesters • Service capability is low • Design and construct 10 low-cost, medium-scale biogas digesters for pig farms with 300-1,500 pigs • Train 100 construction staff to build the digesters • Develop a framework for market development • Project partners: Institute of Energy, GECI JSC, Stockholm Environment Institute

  5. Medium Scale Biogas Technology Working principle same as small scale digester = opportunities to utilise an already developed skills base Constructed using locally sourced materials = sustainable, reduced dependence on developing supply chain Modular = adaptable

  6. Medium Scale Biogas Technology (cont’d) 300m3 digester at Mr Nghia’s farm in Nam Dinh close to completion April 2012

  7. Medium Scale Biogas Technology (cont’d) 500m3 digester at Mr Chau’s farm in Quang Ninh close to completion October 2012

  8. Outputs 9 digesters currently completed 1 x high level engineering training workshop 4 x technical training workshops for construction teams, technicians and farmers Training manual developed – theory, construction, O&M, appliances and bioslurry applications 2,600m3 total digester volume 22 tonnes of manure producing over 1,000 m3 biogas daily

  9. Case Study No. 1 Mr Quang farm, BacNinh Province, 200m3 digester • 800 fattening pigs • Open lagoon treatment, overflowing into public irrigation canal • Complaints about smell and downstream condition of water • $11,800 (9,500€) total construction cost • 50% materials, 30% labour, 10% equipment, 10% VAT • Analytical results – reductions in: • BOD 96%, COD 97%, SS 100%, NH4+ 70%, coliform 100% • Farm power requirements – heaters, ventilation, pumping • 8,000 kWh/mth @ $0.06/kWh = $475/mth • Biogas production (calculated) • 100m3 biogas/day – equivalent to 5,000 kWh/mth electricity (60%) • 300 tonne CO2e avoided per year • Actual biogas use: distributed and sold to neighbour

  10. Case Study No. 1 (cont’d) Open lagoon bubbling methane and over-flowing into irrigation canal

  11. Case Study No. 1 (cont’d) February 2012

  12. Case Study No. 1 (cont’d) April 2012

  13. Case Study No. 1 (cont’d) July 2012

  14. Case Study No. 2 Ms Trinh Thi My, PhuLuong Commune, BacNinh, 200m3 digester • 300 pigs – 260 fattening pigs and 40 sows • Pre-project: 30m3 digester overflowing into open public pond • $13,000 total cost (10,500€) • 50% materials, 25% labour, 10% generator, 5% equip’t, 10% VAT • Analytical results – reductions in: • BOD 96%, COD 95%, SS 100%, NH4+66%, coliform 100% • Farm power requirements – heaters, ventilation, pumping • 2,200 kWh/mth @ $0.07/kWh = $150/mth • Biogas production (calculated) • 45m3biogas/day – equivalent to 1,900 kWh/mthelectricity (85%) • 115 tonne CO2e avoided per year • Actual biogas use: power generation (~30%) and cooking. The remainder is flared

  15. Case Study No. 2 (cont’d) Poorly treated liquid manure flowing into an open public pond

  16. Case Study No. 2 (cont’d) February 2012

  17. Case Study No. 2 (cont’d) July 2012

  18. Challenges & Lessons Learned Project level • “Blue ear” epidemic in northern Vietnam • Geotechnical considerations – substrate homogeneity • Low quality craftsmanship Lessons • Highly skilled multi-discipline engineering companies are essential for tailored energy solutions • Market development through awareness and advocacy • A mechanism to deal with the non-market elements – i.e. effluent post-treatment and zero CH4 to air • Technical innovation to the basic design • Opportunities for farm expansion – social and cost savings • Bioslurry value adding requires more attention • Good partnerships promote good outcomes!

  19. Next Steps Short term • EEP Phase II – 18 month to 2 year • 5 provinces, 15 digesters constructed • Innovation on basic design • Similar partnership arrangements plus Vietnam Biogas Assoc (VBA) Long term • “Low Carbon Farms” – 4 to 5 year programme • 30 provinces, 200 digesters constructed • Technical innovation – adapted models, designs and materials • High level technical training and mentoring – 10 engineering Co’s • Construction, O&M training – 500 SMEs • Business training and mentoring • Awareness, advocacy, policy, regulation – MARD/DARD and VBA • Collaborative partnerships

  20. Thank you Matt Carr mcarr@snvworld.org

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