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Noun Review 1 st /2 nd declensions

Noun Review 1 st /2 nd declensions. Aug. 29, 2012. Latin Nouns Have 4 Features. Case ---how a noun works in its sentence. Number ---whether a noun is singular or plural (singular=one, plural=more than one) Gender ---whether a noun is masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Noun Review 1 st /2 nd declensions

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  1. Noun Review1st/2nd declensions Aug. 29, 2012

  2. Latin Nouns Have 4 Features • Case---how a noun works in its sentence. • Number---whether a noun is singular or plural (singular=one, plural=more than one) • Gender---whether a noun is masculine, feminine, or neuter. • Declension---each noun belongs to one of the 5 declensions (groups of nouns that share the same pattern of endings)

  3. In Latin, the use of the noun is determined by its case ending, not its place in the sentence. There are five cases: • Nominative- subject and predicate nominative • Genitive– possession • Dative - indirect object • Accusative- direct object • Ablative– (various)

  4. 1st Declension Nouns • 1st declension nouns end in –ae in their genitive form (the 2nd form listed in the vocab list). • Most 1st declension nouns are feminine. aqua, aquae(feminine) :water

  5. Step 1 – Find the noun stem The noun stem is found by dropping the genitive singular ending from the noun. Dictionary entry of a noun: Puellapuellae, f. girl Meaning Genitive singular Gender Nominativesingular Puellae – ae=puell Noun Stem

  6. In Latin, the endings indicate the case of the noun. Write these down! (Endings) Case Singular Plural Nominative a ae Genitive ae arum Dative ae is Accusative am as Ablative a is Example: insularum = plural genitive

  7. Step 2: Add the case endings to the noun stem. Singular Plural Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative On your whiteboard, decline the following 2 nouns: via, viae (f.) and aqua, aquae (f.)

  8. 2nd Declension Nouns • 2nd declension nouns end in –i in the genitive singular. • Most 2nd declension nouns are masculine or neuter. • Let’s learn how to decline a 2nd declension noun on its “declension chart.”

  9. Step 1 – Find the noun stem The noun stem is found by dropping the genitive singular ending from the noun. Dictionary entry of a noun: servusservi,m. slave Meaning Genitive singular Gender Nominativesingular servi– i=serv- Noun Stem

  10. In Latin, the endings indicate the case of the noun. Write these down! (Masc. Endings) Case Singular Plural Nominative -us/-er/-ir -i Genitive -i -orum Dative -o -is Accusative -um -os Ablative -o -is

  11. In Latin, the endings indicate the case of the noun.servus, servi (m.) --- slave Case Singular Plural Nominative servusservi Genitive serviservorum Dative servoservis Accusative servum servos Ablative servoservis Your turn! Try equus, equi (m.) --- horse

  12. 2nd declension neuter nouns have 3 different endings than masculine.factum, facti (n.) --- deed Case Singular Plural Nominative factum facta Genitive factifactorum Dative factofactis Accusative factumfacta Ablative facto factis Your turn! Try templum, templi (n.) --- temple

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