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Chancellorsville Leadership Staff Ride

Chancellorsville Leadership Staff Ride. Lieutenant Colonel David Major USA (Ret) 13 June 2013. Agenda. Purpose Background Leadership Issues Strategic Overview Chancellorsville campaign Route for Thursday’s ride. Why a Staff Ride?. Expose dynamics of battle

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Chancellorsville Leadership Staff Ride

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  1. Chancellorsville Leadership Staff Ride Lieutenant Colonel David MajorUSA (Ret) 13 June 2013

  2. Agenda • Purpose • Background • Leadership Issues • Strategic Overview • Chancellorsville campaign • Route for Thursday’s ride

  3. Why a Staff Ride? • Expose dynamics of battle • Timeless human dimension (face of battle) • Applications of the principles of war. • Study the operational art. • Logistics operations. • Analytical & systematic study of battles. • Study military profession via history. • Provide case studies in leadership.

  4. Leadership Principles • Know yourself and seek self-improvement. • Be technically and tactically proficient. • Develop a sense of responsibility among your subordinates. • Make sound and timely decisions. • Set the example. • Know your subordinates and look out for their welfare. • Keep your subordinates informed. • Seek responsibility and take responsibility for your actions. • Ensure assigned tasks are understood, supervised, and accomplished. • Train your subordinates as a team. • Employ your command in accordance with its capabilities.

  5. Leadership Traits • Dependability Bearing • CourageEndurance • Enthusiasm Integrity • Justice Tact • Unselfishness Loyalty • Decisiveness Ability to make decisions promptly and to announce them in clear, forceful manner. • Initiative Taking action in the absence of orders. • Judgment The ability to weigh facts and possible solutions on which to base sound decisions. • Knowledge Understanding of a science or an art. The range of one's information, including professional knowledge.

  6. Mission Variables Defeat Mechanisms Stability Mechanisms

  7. Defeat/Stability Mechanisms

  8. What we try to Gain • Heuristic interaction between planning, execution, adaptation and action (OODA+Adapt) • Reduction of Apparent Complexity • Objectives selected for both physical and cognitive advantage to achieve disproportionate result • Identify and exploit operational anomalies • Guile and Cunning are integral to all planning and execution, not just deception plans. • Compel the enemy to be complicit in his on demise.

  9. “Butterfield, look into my footlocker and get my Coup d’oeil! ASAP!

  10. This is YOUR Brain

  11. This is YOUR Brain after a year of CSC

  12. This is YOUR Brain

  13. Initial Secession Final Secession Border States 17 April – 8 June 1861 20 Dec 1860 – 23 Feb 1861

  14. Infantry Artillery Cavalry Engineers Medical corps Signal corps Quartermaster Commissary XXXX Army 60,000+ 130,000+ XXX X XX I III Co Corps Div Regt Bde 9000-12,000 20,000 2500-4000 5000-6000 1500-1800 1000-1500 (1000+) <500 (1000+) <500 (100) (100) Army Organization

  15. Knoxville Burnside Fredericksburg (13 Dec 1862) Lee Buell Rosecrans Stones River (31 Dec 1862) Grant Bragg Vicksburg (Nov 1862-) Pemberton Butler

  16. Fredericksburg Casualties CSA - @5,400 of 72,500 USA - @12,700 of 114,000

  17. Operational Setting The Army of the Potomac • Morale at rock bottom • Hooker takes command and introduces reforms: • Logistics/Life support • Intelligence Capabilities • Cavalry Organization • Artillery Organization • Span of Control

  18. Burnside AoP Franklin Left Grand Division Hooker Center Grand Division Sumner Right Grand Division Reynolds I Corps Smith IV Corps Stoneman III Corps Butterfield V Corps Couch II Corps Wilcox IX Corps The Old Organization

  19. Army of the Potomac MajGen Hooker BG Pleasonton BG Averell BG Gregg BG Wadsworth BG Robinson MG Doubleday MG Hancock BG Gibbon MG French BG Birney MG Berry BG Whipple BG Griffin MG Sykes BG Humphreys BG Brooks BG Howe MG Newton BG Devens BG v Steinwehr MG Schurz BG Williams BG Geary Army of the Potomac April 1863 XXXX approx 134k troops XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX Cavalry Corps MajGen Stoneman I Corps MajGen Reynolds II Corps MajGen Couch III Corps MajGen Sickles V Corps MajGen Meade VI Corps MajGen Sedgwick XI Corps MajGen Howard XII Corps MajGen Slocum

  20. Hooker Army of the Potomac AOP ANV Lee Army of Northern VA American Civil War Hooker’s Plan “Plan B”

  21. Plan Pros and Cons Good • Avoids Fredericksburg • Good use of terrain in early stages • Potential good use of cavalry • Utilizes short timers before their departure Bad • Lee must be an obliging enemy • Many moving parts • Hooker’s intent not well conveyed

  22. Spring 1863 Hooker Stuart Lee Longstreet

  23. XXXX XX Army of Northern Virginia LtGen Robert E Lee approx 61k troops Stuart’s CavDiv XXX XXX XXX First Corps Longstreet Second Corps Jackson XX Hood’s Division Rodes’ Division Early’s Division XX Pickett’s Division Colston’s Division XX Anderson’s Division McLaw’s Division Hill’s Light Division Army of Northern Virginia April 1863 Detached; Foraging In Suffolk

  24. Stafford C.H. XII Hartwood Church XI III V Hooker Army of the Potomac II I A VI M E Lee Army of Northern VA R H C American Civil War Chancellorsville Turning Movement April 27, 1863 April 29, 1863 April 28, 1863 April 27, 1863

  25. V XI XII Stafford C.H. Hartwood Church Hooker Army of the Potomac I II III A M VI E Lee Army of Northern VA R H C American Civil War Chancellorsville Turning Movement April 27, 1863 April 29, 1863 April 28, 1863 April 28-29, 1863

  26. Stafford C.H. Hartwood Church II III Hooker Army of the Potomac XI V XII M I VI A R H C E Lee Army of Northern VA American Civil War Chancellorsville Turning Movement April 27, 1863 April 29, 1863 April 28, 1863 April 30, 1863

  27. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII III G II XI V XII VI M H A R I C E Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Jackson – II Corp A.P. Hill Rodes Colston Early Stuart-Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 1, 1863 11am Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  28. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII G III II V XI VI M H XII C R A I E Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Jackson – II Corp A.P. Hill Rodes Colston Early Stuart-Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 1, 1863 1200-1700 Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  29. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII G V XI III II XII M VI A R C H I E Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Jackson – II Corp A.P. Hill Rodes Colston Early Stuart-Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 1, 1863 May 2, 1863 0700 Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  30. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII I V G H XI C R II XII M VI A III E Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Jackson – II Corp A.P. Hill Rodes Colston Early Stuart-Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 1, 1863 May 2, 1863 ~1800 Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  31. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII I G V XI R C II H XII III M VI A E Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Jackson – II Corp A.P. Hill Rodes Colston Early Stuart-Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 1, 1863 May 2, 1863 2200 Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  32. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII I XI V V XI G VI III II XII M A VI E Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Stuart – II Corp Heth Rodes Colston Early F. Lee - Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 2, 1863 May 4, 1863 May 3, 1863 May 3, 1863 AM Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  33. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII I XII V XI II III G A H C R VI M Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Stuart – II Corp Rodes Colston Heth Early F. Lee-Cavalry American Civil War E Chancellorsville May 2, 1863 May 4, 1863 May 3, 1863 May 3, 1863 1730 Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  34. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII I XII XI V G II III VI S M E A Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Stuart – II Corp A.P. Hill Rodes Colston Heth F. Lee-Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 2, 1863 May 4, 1863 May 3, 1863 May 4, 1863 Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  35. Hooker Army of the Potomac Reynolds I Couch II Sickles III Meade V Sedgwick VI Howard XI Slocum XII I XII XI V G II VI III S M E A Lee Army of Northern VA Anderson (I) McLaws(I) Stuart – II Corp A.P. Hill Rodes Colston Heth F. Lee-Cavalry American Civil War Chancellorsville May 2, 1863 May 4, 1863 May 3, 1863 May 5-6, 1863 Union Corps Confederate Division (Jackson’s Corps) XI H

  36. Army of the Potomac April 1863 XXXX Army of the Potomac MajGen Hooker approx 134k troops 13 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX Cavalry Corps MajGen Stoneman I Corps MajGen Reynolds II Corps MajGen Couch III Corps MajGen Sickles V Corps MajGen Meade VI Corps MajGen Sedgwick XI Corps MajGen Howard XII Corps MajGen Slocum 22 11 4 2 21 19 19 4 BG Pleasonton BG Averell BG Gregg BG Wadsworth BG Robinson MG Doubleday MG Hancock BG Gibbon MG French BG Birney MG Berry BG Whipple BG Griffin MG Sykes BG Humphreys BG Brooks BG Howe MG Newton BG Devens BG v Steinwehr MG Schurz BG Williams BG Geary

  37. Army of Northern Virginia After Chancellorsville XXXX 22 XX Army of Northern Virginia LtGen Robert E Lee approx 61k troops Stuart’s CavDiv 4 XXX XXX First Corps Longstreet 25 Second Corps Jackson XX Hood’s Division Rodes’ Division 29 Early’s Division 16 Detached; Foraging In Suffolk XX 30 Pickett’s Division Colston’s Division XX 26 Anderson’s Division 17 20 McLaw’s Division Hill’s Light Division

  38. XXXX Army of NoVA LtGen R E Lee Third Corps Hill The ANV After Chancellorsville XXX XX XXX XXX FirstCorps Longstreet Second Corps Ewell Stuart’s Cavalry Div

  39. 6 8 2 7 4 3 1 5

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