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Respiratory System

The respiratory system is vital for breathing, involving various structures that ensure efficient air passage and gas exchange. Air enters through the mouth or nose, travels through the pharynx and trachea, and branches into bronchi, bronchioles, and finally reaches the alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs. Keeping the system clean is crucial; nose hairs, cilia, and mucus play protective roles, although smoking can kill cilia. The medulla oblongata regulates breathing, with the diaphragm facilitating lung expansion.

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System

  2. Air Traffic Control • Air enters mouth or nose • Pharynx • Epiglottis • Trachea • Bronchi • Bronchiole • Alveoli

  3. Keeping It Clean Nose hair Cilia Mucus * Cilia can be killed by smoking*

  4. Gas Exchange • Alveoli have thin walls • Capillary mesh around each alveolus • Diffusion of oxygen and CO2 to and from blood stream

  5. Transport • RBC – red blood cells • RBCs contain hemoglobin which contains iron • Iron attracts and holds oxygen

  6. Control • Controlled by medulla oblongata • Diaphragm pulls down, lungs expand ***No vacuum, no breathing***

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