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Chapter 8 Notes

Chapter 8 Notes. STRUGGLE TO KEEP PEACE. United Nations. President Wilson ’ s idea of a League of Nations was created after WWI but was a complete failure. It lacked enforcement power. Eventually it was dismantled.

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Chapter 8 Notes

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  1. Chapter 8 Notes STRUGGLE TO KEEP PEACE

  2. United Nations • President Wilson’s idea of a League of Nations was created after WWI but was a complete failure. • It lacked enforcement power. Eventually it was dismantled. • After World War II the United Nations was formed in 1945 to lead the world to a global peace and prevent future wars.

  3. United Nations • The United Nations had it’s hands full as the Cold war lead to wars in Korea, Vietnam and Afghanistan. • Some criticize the UN as being ineffective as the League of Nations. • Lately the UN has been called upon to resolve global conflicts, and civil wars.

  4. United Nations • The UN organizations makes it difficult for the it to be effective. • The UN Security council has 5 permanent members (U.S., Russia, China, France, and Great Britain) who have veto power over any action of the UN. • So events like Rwanda, Darfur, Iraq and today in North Korea have been hard to deal with. • Sometimes resolutions by the UN have been ignored.

  5. NATO • The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed post WWII in 1949 as an alliance against the Soviets. • It allied the U.S. , Great Britain, France, and most of Western Europe against the Soviets. • The Cold War lead to a period of distrust amongst the two sides that almost lead to nuclear war.

  6. NATO • After the Cold War ended allowing former Soviet Union countries to join was a serious concern. • Many felt that countries like Poland Czechoslovakia, and Hungary were too weak. • Of major concern was rather or not Russia should join. They would officially join in 1995. • Relations are still difficult and trust is still an issue with our former enemy.

  7. NATO • A serious test to the coalition was the war that broke out in Bosnia. • NATO got involved because of ethnic cleansing that was going on. • Lastly, when the British and U.S. invaded Iraq in 2003 there was a serious strain on the coalition as many allies didn’t support it. (France, and Germany)

  8. Organizations of American States • Org. of American States had to get involved in the coupe in Haiti in 1991. • Haiti was the first major conflict that tested the OAS. • The purpose of the OAS was to stop military conflict in the Western Hemisphere. With the UN support the OAS pressed for economic sanctions.

  9. Organizations of American States • The main support of the OAS came from the United States. • Although the OAS originated in Colombia its headquarters was based in Washington D.C. • With the financial and military support of the U.S. the OAS wouldn’t have been successful.

  10. Arab League • The Arab League was started by several middle east countries. It was created in 1945 with support from the British. • Headquarter in the country of Tunis in Africa the organization has had trouble with unity. • The issue of Terrorism and the Israeli Palestinian conflict left many nations divided.

  11. Arab League • The Arab Leagues also supported the U.S. invasion of Iraq during the Persian gulf war, but later criticized the 2003 invasion. • There is still some disorganization in the Arab league and having a consensus to solve problem has been difficult.

  12. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) • ASEAN was created in 1967 and is made of the countries of Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, and Vietnam to name a few. • Economic issues in Southeast Asia has threatened the stability of the region. • Also wars that have broken out Vietnam war, and Vietnam-Cambodia war have destabilized the region.

  13. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) • Refugee fleeing the civil war in Cambodia in 1992 test the economics and political toughness of their neighbors. • China has been the biggest contributor to establish economic security to these nations. • However, China has tried to do things to benefits its economy making some enemies in the region.

  14. International Trade in Weapons • Weapons trade has been a big concern for the global community. • Countries like Russia who sale arms, and military equipment have raised alarms around the globe. • Yet the U.S. has been the biggest players in weapons trade as U.S. weapon companies have sold weapons to controversial contries.

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