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Burned Area Emergency Response Program for Wilderness READs BAER

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Burned Area Emergency Response Program for Wilderness READs BAER

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  1. This document is contained within the Fire Management Toolbox on Wilderness.net. Since other related resources found in this toolbox may be of interest, you can visit this toolbox by visiting the following URL: http://www.wilderness.net/index.cfm?fuse=toolboxes&sec=fire. All toolboxes are products of the Arthur Carhart National Wilderness Training Center.

  2. Burned Area Emergency Response Program for Wilderness READsBAER

  3. PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES • Explain the Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) Program Objectives. • Detail BAER Policy and Components for wilderness. • Desribe the BAER Process for wilderness. • Describe BAER Science and Techniques for wilderness.

  4. The Wilderness Act And the Control of Fire Section 4 (d) “…such measures may be taken as necessary in the control of fire … subject to such conditions as the Secretary deems desirable.”

  5. BAER Policies • Forest Service Manual 2500, Chapter 2523 Emergency Stabilization – Burned Area Emergency Response. (5/26/04) • Department of the Interior, Department Manual, Part 620: Wildland Fire Management, Chapter 3: Burned Area Emergency Stabilization and Rehabilitation (5/20/04). • Interagency Burned Area Emergency Stabilization Guidebook (NPS 2/06)

  6. FS Wilderness Policy • FSM 2323.43b – Permit emergency burned area rehabilitation ONLY • To prevent an unnatural loss of the wilderness resource, or • To protect life, property and other resource values outside of wilderness • Normally use hand tools and equipment to install selected land and channel treatments

  7. Summary of Policies • Natural processes predominate • BAER implemented only when threats exist • Only the minimum necessary • Native materials • Non-motorized equipment and methods

  8. Challenges: • Subdivisions on the wilderness boundary • Threats from natural events • Need for protection of adjacent lands

  9. BAER PROGRAM OBJECTIVES • To minimize threats to life or property. • To stabilize and prevent unacceptable degradation to natural and cultural resources resulting from the effects of a fire.

  10. BAER PROGRAM COMPONENTS

  11. Southern California, 2003 BAER is an EMERGENCY function and should be treated as such by the Incident Commander and the Agency Administrator FIRE – 6 LIVES LOST FLOOD – 16 LIVES LOST

  12. Program Components • Suppression Rehabilitation • Emergency Stabilization • Rehabilitation • Restoration

  13. Policy: Emergency Stabilization • BAER is an emergency and plans must be submitted within 7 days from containment, negotiable based on intent and complexity • Limit emergency stabilization treatments to 1 yr post fire from containment • Invasive species emergency stabilization must be addressed in a pre-existing management plan

  14. Policy: Rehabilitation • Rehab funding is non-emergency appropriations for ecosystem management and minor facility repair. • Rehab funding is competitive. • The project lifespan of rehab projects are up to three years from the containment of the fire.

  15. Is BAER Funding Appropriate? • Is there an emergency threat to health or safety? • Can treatments be implemented before damage might occur? • Are the treatments environmentally and sociably acceptable? • Is BAER addressed in a management plan? • Do the costs of the treatments correspond to the values at risk?

  16. Appropriate Wilderness BAERTreatments • Minimum necessary to address protection need • Minimize intrusion of motorized equipment • Prevent introduction of any non-native, non-local species • Leave the area natural • Utilize native materials • Utilize materials and structures that are temporary or plan for removal

  17. ROMO Go, No-go Checklist GO-NO-GO CHECKLIST FOR DECIDING PASSIVE VERSUS ACTIVE VEGETATION RESTORATION Last Revised: 2/04/2007 Disturbed site location _______________________________________ Date assessment was made ___________________________________ Person doing the assessment __________________________________ Hectares or square meters of disturbed area ________________________________ Include picture(s) of disturbed site Based on current or expected conditions at the disturbed site: Will or is the disturbed site ecologically appropriate for the area? ___ Does it or will it resemble an early seral, mid or late seral condition for an undisturbed community growing under similar environmental conditions? ___ Will the disturbed site preserve natural interactions between individuals growing both on the site and adjacent to the site, including genetic integrity? ____ Are there no invasive exotics or the potential for invasive exotics on the disturbed or nearby the disturbed site that could impede revegetation? ___ If you answer no, list the invasive exotic species or species to watch for and highlight the ones that are on the park’s species of special concern list (refer to the Park’s 2003 Exotic Plant Management Plan.

  18. Motorized Equipment and Mechanical Transport Approval The Wilderness Act,Section 4 (c) “except as necessary to meet the minimum requirements for administration of the area for the purpose of this Act…there shall be no: • temporary road • no use of motor vehicles • motorized equipment or motorboats • no landing of aircraft • no mechanical transport • no structure or installation

  19. Motorized Equipment and Mechanical Transport Approval • Varies by Region and Agency • Based on a Minimum Requirements Analysis • Limited to minimum necessary and effective treatment • Separate from authorization for fire suppression emergency

  20. BAER TEAMS AND PROCESS

  21. BAER ASSESSMENT TEAMS • Team Leader • Soil Scientist • Wildland Hydrologist • Plant Specialist • GIS Specialist • Agency Rep • Others depending on complexity NEPA, Wildlife, Forester, Operations, Cultural

  22. BURNED AREA EMERGENCY RESPONSE TECHNICAL SPECIALISTS (For DOI)

  23. BAER Teams NWCG Qualifications • There are no NWCG Quals for BAER • BAER personnel are THSP’s • BAER Personnel are Visitors to the Fireline • No areas on the fire are safe while it is uncontrolled.

  24. The BAER (ES) Process • Complexity Analysis • Size up Fire • Burn Intensity Map • Assess Effects • Threats • Determine BAER Assessment Team • Write ES Plan • Implement Treatments and Activities • Monitor Treatment Effectiveness • Submit Reports

  25. BAER ASSESSMENT TEAMS • INTEGRAL PART of wildland fire incidents. • The IMT and the BAER Team will WORK COOPERATIVELY. • They are SUPPORTED by the same WILDLAND FIRE MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEMS such as dispatch. • Agency administrators will support BAER teams with LOCAL PERSONNEL as needed by the team throughout the planning preparation.

  26. BAER PLANNING • Emergency Stabilization treatments and activities should be compatible with land management plans. • Emergency Stabilization and Rehabilitation is a component of the Interagency Fire Management Template. • Planning Boiler Plates are available.

  27. BAER Plans • In most cases, it is a local BAER team that will prepare the BAER Plan/Report • The initial emergency stabilization plan must be submitted within seven calendar days after total containment of the fire. • If additional time is needed, extensions may be negotiated with those having approval authority. • Planning should begin as soon as possible into the incident.

  28. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION • SUPERVISING • PROCUREMENT • CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION • COORDINATION • COST ACCOUNTING • AMENDMENTS • MONITORING • REPORTS

  29. HOW TO PREPARE YOUR AGENCY FOR AN INCIDENT • Organize Geospatial Data, Topographic Quads, Resource Inventory Information • Train Resource Staff in wildland suppression and fire effects to Resource Advisor level • Develop a list of resource personnel that will assist in an emergency (keep list current) • Identify outside sources that possess critical resource information or contractual service capabilities (Universities, Native Plant Societies, Researchers, Contractors) that could assist in an emergency • Red-card qualify resource staff on an annual basis BE FIRE READY

  30. BAER SCIENCE

  31. FLOODING

  32. Physical-Overland Flow • Increases with loss of organic matter • Increases with a decrease in porosity • Increases with loss of raindrop and overland flow interception • Infiltration and aeration decreases • Effects can be long term

  33. Soil Hydrophobicity • Less than 1 minute = none • 1-3 minutes = low • 3-10 minutes = moderate • More than 10 minutes = high

  34. Qualitative Indicators Fire residence time can be judged by completeness of fuel consumption: • Low = black ashes • Moderate = grey or mixed ashes • High = white or red ashes

  35. Fire Intensity Qualitative Indicators based on Fuel Consumption • Low = up to 1/4-inch diameter fuels consumed • Moderate = greater than 1/4-inch but less than 3/4-inch diameter consumed • High = fuels 3/4-inch diameter and larger consumed

  36. Qualitative Indicators Based on Fuels • Grasses, aspen=low • Mixed conifer, Douglas fir=medium • Ponderosa, lodgepole, some shrubs=high hazard

  37. BAER TREATMENTS

  38. Slope Treatments

  39. Raking

  40. AERIAL SEEDING

  41. Straw Mulching

  42. Straw Mulching

  43. Aerial Hydromulch

  44. Channel Structures

  45. COMMUNITY FLOOD FIGHT

  46. Warning Signs

  47. 2000 Landsat Image Areas of Major Change 2002 Landsat Image MONITORING

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