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Understanding Igneous Rocks: Formation, Composition, and Textures

Explore the fascinating world of igneous rocks, which are formed from molten rock known as magma. This educational piece delves into the processes that create these rocks, such as solidification, and distinguishes between types based on their cooling locations, textures, and compositions. Learn about extrusive igneous rocks, which cool quickly on the Earth’s surface, and intrusive rocks that cool slowly beneath the surface. Discover key terms including felsic, mafic, and various textures such as coarse and vesicular. Perfect for geology enthusiasts!

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Understanding Igneous Rocks: Formation, Composition, and Textures

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chunky Iggy Rocks

  2. All igneous rocks are formed from liquid rock known as __________? • Magma

  3. The process of hardening rock is known as __________? • Solidification

  4. Magma that extrudes above Earth’s surface is called __________? • Lava

  5. Igneous rocks that cool on Earth’s surface are called __________? • Extrusive

  6. Extrusive igneous rocks have a fine grained or glassy __________? • Texture

  7. Igneous rocks that cool below Earth’s surface are called __________? • Intrusive

  8. Igneous rocks that are light in color, lower in density and rich in Al and Si are said to have a __________ composition. • Felsic

  9. Intrusive igneous rocks have a ______ grained texture. • Coarse

  10. Igneous rocks with gas pockets are said to have a __________ texture. • Vesicular

  11. Igneous rocks that are dark in color, high in density and rich in Fe and Mg are said to have a __________ composition. • Mafic

  12. The slower magma cools, the ________ the crystals. • Larger

  13. Another word for Extrusive is _____________ . • Volcanic

  14. An igneous rock with a glassy texture would mean that the rock cooled __________ Earth’s surface. • Above

  15. An igneous rock with a vesicular texture would mean that the rock cooled __________ Earth’s surface. • Above

  16. Another word for intrusive is _________________ . • Plutonic

  17. This igneous rock is felsic with a coarse texture. • Granite

  18. Do intrusive igneous rocks ever have a vesicular texture? • No

  19. What is the percentage of Biotite in Peridotite? • Zero

  20. This is the only Felsic igneous rock that is black. • Obsidian

  21. Olivine is found only in (Felsic, Mafic) igneous rocks. • Mafic

  22. Place the numbers of these igneous rocks in descending crystal size.1)Diorite, 2)Pegmatite, 3)Basalt • 2, 1, 3

  23. The Earth’s oceanic crust is made up of this igneous rock. • Basalt

  24. What is the origin and rate of formation? • Extrusive, fast

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