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T . S ASIDHAR BVN 09062

AFLATOXICOSIS. T . S ASIDHAR BVN 09062. INTRODUCTION. Aflatoxicosis is a gastrointestinal disease that affects all species of poultry. Young birds - more susceptible. Ducklings - highly susceptible. Quails - resistant to Aflatoxicosis. ETIOLOGY. Aspergillus flavus, A.parasiticus,

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T . S ASIDHAR BVN 09062

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  1. AFLATOXICOSIS T.SASIDHAR BVN 09062

  2. INTRODUCTION • Aflatoxicosis is a gastrointestinal disease that affects all species of poultry. • Young birds - more susceptible. • Ducklings - highly susceptible. • Quails - resistant to Aflatoxicosis.

  3. ETIOLOGY • Aspergillus flavus, • A.parasiticus, • Penicillium puberulum • B₁, B₂, G₁,G₂ • Aflatoxicol, flatoxitrem and cyclopiazonic acid are other toxic metabolites produced by these fungi on mouldy corn

  4. Improper storage of feed or grains. • Drought and insect damage to grain increase susceptibility of grain to fungal growth • Optimum temperature for aflatoxin production by the fungus is tropical and subtropical where the temperature is 32-35°c and high humidity.

  5. PATHOGENESIS TERATOGENICITY MUTAGENECITY CARCINOGENECITY HYPOPROTEINEMIA DEATH

  6. Immunosuppression • Due to reduction in the size of spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricius. • Decreases both antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity. • Increases severity of caecal coccidiosis, MD, E.Coli infection, Salmonellosis, Gumboro disease. • Vaccination failures. • Breeders- passive maternal immunity

  7. Bloody thigh syndrome Haemorrhage due to decreased clotting factor synthesis and increased fragility of minute blood vessels. • Lazy leukocyte syndrome Toxic for B-lymphocytes and reduces blood phagocytes.

  8. EFFECT OF AFLATOXIN IN POULTRY DECREASES AVAILABILITY OF BILE SALTS VITAMIN-D3 & A DEFICIENCY DECREASED BLOOD CALCIUM LEVEL DECREASED BONE STRENGTH DECREASED TOCOPHEROL LEVEL VIT- A & E DEFICIENCY

  9. Permissible level of Aflatoxin • Turkey poults - <0.25 ppm • Ducklings - <0.25 ppm • Broilers - <1.5 ppm and • Japanese quail - <4 ppm

  10. CLINICAL SIGNS • Anorexia and Anaemia • Paralysis • Depression and dullness • Staggering gait • Reduced egg production, fertility and hatchability, • Poor feed conversion, • Depressed growth, • Increased bruising and downgrading

  11. Gross lesions

  12. Enlarged and pale liver and becomes hard.

  13. Areas of haemorrhage – hepatic parenchyma

  14. Scattered haemorrhages – muscle,skin, intestinal tract

  15. Kidney enlarged and filled with urates

  16. Fat deposition in liver

  17. Comb and wattle – pale and yellow.

  18. Gizzard mucosa- ulcers

  19. HP LESIONS

  20. Bileduct hyperplasia

  21. Fatty changes in the liver • Centri lobular necrosis • Pseudo lobulation • Pericellular cirrhosis • Infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes in newly formed connective tissue.

  22. diagnosis • Gross lesions • Feed sample analysis by TLC & HPLC.

  23. AFLA A- Aspergillus FLA-flavus “Always Fitness Look is Appreciated”

  24. Thank You

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