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The Importance of Pollinators: Butterflies and Their Role in Plant Reproduction

Discover how animals, particularly butterflies, contribute to plant pollination. Explore their unique anatomy, such as their proboscis, which allows them to extract nectar from flowers. Learn about various types of butterflies, their life stages, and the host plants essential for their survival. Find out which flowers attract pollinators and how you can create a butterfly-friendly garden using plants like milkweed, bee balm, and zinnia. This lesson integrates ecology, biology, and gardening, emphasizing the critical relationship between flora and pollinators.

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The Importance of Pollinators: Butterflies and Their Role in Plant Reproduction

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Do Now: How do animals help plants get pollinated? Can you name some types of pollinators?

  2. Birds don’t have a good sense of smell • What other characteristics do flowers have besides scent to attract pollinators?

  3. Red and Orange and Yellow are colors that attract pollinators

  4. Insects like birds are attracted to • Besides bees can you think of some other insect that is known for pollinating flowers?

  5. Butterflies!

  6. Why do butterflies visit flowers? • A little on butterfly anatomy and life history • Think back to our lesson on the Monarch, how many life stages do butterflies have?

  7. Egg • Larvae – Caterpillar • Pupa – The chrysalis • Adult – The butterfly

  8. How do butterflies feed? Proboscis

  9. The Proboscis is the only mouth part that allows butterflies to feed. It works like a straw. They cannot chew solid foods. What do you call the liquid food that plants provide pollinators? Proboscis

  10. Caterpillars don’t drink nectar • What do caterpillars eat? • Think back to our lesson on the Monarch

  11. Plant matter, they chew on leaves • If you want a butterfly garden you need to have plants that feed the adults and the larvae (caterpillars).

  12. Many host plants are weedy species • But even so, they can still look good in a garden. • Daucus carrota • Milkweeds

  13. Nectar plants Caterpillar host plants Cabbage – Brassica Carrot, Dill, Parsley – Apiaceae Hollyhock – Alcea rosea Sassafras Willows – Salix Wisteria • Bee Balm – Monardadidyma • Butterfly bush – Buddleia • Milkweed – Asclepias • Common Lilac – Syringavulgaris • French Lavendar– Lavanduladentata • French Marigold – Tagetespatula • New England Aster – Aster novae-angliae • Phlox • Purple Coneflower – Echinacea angustifolia • Verbena • Zinnia

  14. Some common butterflies you might come across • Monarch Butterfly • The two dots are the male sex organs

  15. Viceroy • This species mimics the Monarch. Can you spot the differences? • Why would it be beneficial for it to mimic the Monarch? • Food: Willows

  16. Food: Wild Cherry, Sweet Bay • Tiger Swallow tail, the male (yellow) and female look like two different species.

  17. Cabbage White • A small butterfly, very common now • Food – Plants of the mustard family (cabbage, Nasturtium)

  18. Orange Sulfur – One of the most common • Small butterfly • Food – legumes (clovers, vetches)

  19. Mourning Cloak • This species overwinters in our area, and is one of the first to emerge when the weather first warms up • Its large and easily recognizable due to color combination. • Food – Willows, Birch, Cotton wood, Elm, Hackberry

  20. Red Admiral • Recognizable by red stripes and white spots on forewings • Food – Nettles, Hops

  21. Great Spangled Fritillary • Males smaller with black markings on forewing veins • Food -- Violets

  22. Homework • Look up ten of the plants that were mentioned in today’s lesson and find out how best to grow them. Don’t use any of the tree species in the lesson. • Can we grow any of them??

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