Inspection firms training

1. Inspection firms training Electrical Safety Assessment January 2019

2. Content of the module Introduction to LABS Standard Pre-Assessment Preparation General Assessment Methodology Electrical Safety Assessment Risk classification and Reporting FFC Uploads Quality Control Measures Discussion

3. Introduction to LABS Standard

4. Understanding of LABS Initiative LABS Initiative – Life and Building Safety Initiative The core purpose of the LABS Initiative is to improve the life safety of workers in the international Ready-Made Garment (RMG) and Footwear sectors. 1 3 2 Structural Safety The three key elements of LABS Standards are: Electrical Safety Fire Safety and Evacuation

5. Understanding of LABS Initiative LABS Initiative – Life and Building Safety Initiative Key features of Safety Assessments Brands associated with LABS Initiative 01 Rapid assessment for allowing maximum coverage To be further elaborated 02 Information regarding supplier base and regions Non-destructive testing 03 Identify key structural, fire and electrical life safety issues To be further elaborated Experience in Vietnam 04 Time bound actions for risk mitigation To be further elaborated

6. Associated Firms

7. General Assessment Methodology for LABS Assessment Return and Team Summary Review Pre-Assessment Preparation Close Out Meeting Factory Assessment Day General Assessment Methodology Testing Factory Management Introduction Building Assessment Factory Management Interview

8. Process of conducting LABS Assessment LABS Initiative – Preliminary Safety Inspection Flowchart Factory Factory Accord Assessment Firms QA/QC Firm Prioritisation of Factory List Initiate contact with Factory to introduce LABS Initiative Programme Assessment Documents Completed & Returned Scheduling of Safety Assessment & Issue of Pre Assessment documents Review of Factory Documentation Factory Management Intro & Interview Pre-Assessment Preparation & Review of Pre-Assessment Documents Initial Factory Overview Interior Testing Structure Exterior Complete Checklist Factory Assessment Factory Management Close Out Meeting QA/QC Visits Fire Interior Exterior Interior Electrical Testing Prepare Reports Structure, Fire, Electrical Assessment Day Complete Key issues to be Summarised for Reporting Report QA Check/Approve QA/QC Visits Publish Reports QA/QC Visits

9. Pre-Assessment Preparation

10. Pre-Assessment Preparation • Pre-Assessment preparation includes following activities: • Planning the assessment • Consider national/regional holidays and industrial disputes (strikes / protest) before scheduling the assessment • Mention deadline for receiving the pre-assessment questionnaire – 2 days before the assessment date • Mention the management representatives (domain experts) required during assessment in the confirmation e-mail 1 5 Confirmation over phone - 2 days prior to assessment Scheduling the assessment date Activities Calendar invite to internal team members Send the confirmation email and questionaire 2 4 Block the team members for assessment 3

11. Pre-Assessment Preparation Step 1: Factory Liaison and Scheduling of Assessments • Pre-Assessment preparation includes following activities: Step 2: Pre-Assessment Questionnaire Step 3: Planning the Assessment Step 1 • The assessment firms will follow up with factories for scheduling the assessment Step 2 • Share Pre-Assessment questionnaire, Documents checklist and Pictorial guide of activities – 2 weeks in advance • Provides basic information about the factory • Appendix A1 – Pre-Assessment Questionnaire

12. Pre-Assessment Preparation • Sample image of Pre-Assessment Questionnaire - Appendix A1

13. Pre-Assessment Preparation • Sample image of Pre-Assessment Questionnaire - Appendix A1

14. Pre-Assessment Preparation Step 3 – Panning the Assessment • Review the complete Pre-Assessment Questionnaire • If GPS coordinates available the site can be viewed via google Maps • If the Pre-Assessment Questionnaire indicates that the facility comprises a number of buildings, then consider the assessment days required (e.g. 2 days) • Confirm the number of assessment days during the initial meeting • Low rise and plant / equipment buildings may also be assessed by a cursory walk-through (if time allows) High Priority Areas Building accommodating large number of workers, reflecting the life-safety focus of the assessment programme.

15. General Assessment Methodology

16. General Assessment Methodology 1.1 Pre-Assessment Preparation • Assessment Team Personnel and Qualifications Structural Expert • Bachelor’s degree in Civil/ Structural Engineering • Shall have a minimum 10 years of structural design experience or experience in carrying out assessments of existing buildings. • Experience of at least three existing building assessments in the last two years Fire Expert • Bachelor’s degree in Civil/ Arch/Industrial/ Mechanical/ Electrical Engineering • Shall have a minimum 10 years of design experience or experience in carrying out assessments of existing buildings and be familiar with key fire safety principles in industrial buildings. • Shall hold certifications in Fire prevention and protection and fire safety design • Experience of at least three existing building assessments in the last two years Electrical Expert • Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering • Shall have a minimum 10 years of electrical design experience or experience in carrying out assessments of existing buildings and be familiar with key electrical safety principles in industrial buildings. • Experience of at least three existing building assessments in the last two years

17. General Assessment Methodology 1.2 Equipment • Each team should have an assessment kit bag containing the following items: • iPad/ tablet • Digital camera • Schmidt hammer • Hilti PS250 Ferro scanner and screen • Thermal Camera (Fluke or equivalent) • Thermometer (to measure ambient temperature) • Geological hammer and/or chisel • 5m tape • Laser measure • Binoculars • Torch • First aid kit • PPE (gloves, goggles, mask) • Clipboard • Paint scraper • Callipers • Crack ruler • AAA batteries • To Do List for Teams • Make sure all equipment is fully charged the evening before assessment • Check laser measures, torches and other equipment • Ensure you charge overnight • Data capture from the assessment including • Photographs with tagged locations on drawings • Standardized observations and actions which are directly linked to the LABS FFC database • Make sure you have practiced with all the software before the assessment • In the event that the tablet does not work, the assessment should be recorded on paper, with photos to provide evidence.

18. General Assessment Methodology 2 Factory Assessment Day • Consideration should be given to local travel and traffic conditions to enable an early start • Assessors will be responsible for having the contact details for a person in the factory who can be contacted enroute if any need arises. • On the arrival at the factory take the opportunity to view the outside of the building and to gather some initial thoughts on the condition and arrangement of the building Opening meeting/ Factory management interview Closing meeting 3 Factory Management Introductions Formal introduction session Refer pre-assessment questionnaire and request all relevant requested documentations Remind factory management for pre requested assistance like provisions for plaster removal, ladder access, opening of electrical panels etc. Highlight to Factory Management that observations noted during the assessment will not normally be discussed unless there are particular serious safety concerns Agenda for Assessment Testing Site walk through (Exterior) Site walk through (Interior)

19. General Assessment Methodology 3 Factory Management Introductions • Electrical Safety Assessment • Need for a competent person to open panels and removing flash guards / panel covers • Fire alarm and emergency lighting test (decide time considering minimum disruption) • Request maintenance records for transformers, switch gears, generators, fire detection, alarm, emergency lighting and fire hose pumps • Structural Safety Assessment • Concrete buildings – permission to carry out some tests on concrete column at the lowest floor level • Request for structural design reports, calculations, material test certificates, soil reports and other assessment reports • Fire Safety • Assessment • Fire alarm and emergency lighting test (decide time considering minimum disruption) • Request for Factory license, Fire License (NOC), Maintenance records and Records of fire safety drills

20. General Assessment Methodology 4 Factory Management Interview In the case where more than one engineer per discipline is present, they should aim to stay together during the assessment as much as possible, or at least be in the line of sight of colleagues. Capture the basic factory details like years of completion, names and function of each buildings, number of workers, shifts and operations etc. Review of documentations related to fire, electrical and structural safety. 1. Factory details 2. Review of documents If access to important area is not available, consider whether the assessment should be deemed inconclusive and recommend it be rescheduled. Under no circumstances during the Assessment, give the Factory Manager a sense or statement that the factory is “compliant” or similar. Management Interview The conclusion of the Assessment will only be reached after the visit is complete and any follow up calculations or appraisals are undertaken. It is best to acknowledge and where possible use the assistance of factory representatives, but not to engage in discussions about particular observations 4. General building assessment notes 3. Copies of documents and final points of review Complete introduction and management interviews within 1 hour time. • If access is not provided , we should note this in our report • Know the grid dimension of each building • Obtain GPS co-ordinates for factory location • Take photographs of business cards • Take photos of building drawings • Assessor must set up the app template to suit the number of floors, buildings etc.

21. General Assessment Methodology • Under no circumstances during assessment, closing meeting or after the assessment, give the factory management a sense or statement that the factory is “compliant” or non “compliant”, “good or bad” or similar. The conclusion of the assessment will only be reached after the visit is complete and follow up calculations or appraisals are undertaken. • Any communication with the factory management post assessment shall be done only by LABS Team and no one from Inspection Firm • Inspection Firms will not contact any brands directly and any concern shall be communicated to LABS Team only

22. Electrical Safety Assessment Methodology

23. 1. General points

24. 2. Assessment of the building The Assessor will 1 • visually inspect the electrical installation 2 • not remove or replace covers or open or close cabinets containing equipment 3 • not measure electric loads of the equipment • not touch any inspected equipment and will maintain a safe distance from such equipment 4 • comply with the safety practices and rules of the end user and applicable national safety standards 5

25. 3. Electrical safety in substations & switch rooms Abnormal warning signs High temperature in the building Presence of smoke Smell of ‘hot’ substances (such as oil or compound) Audible discharge or arcing Smell of rotten eggs Nauseous odor (potentially indicative of a release of SF6) Signs of leaked oil Signs of fresh compound leaks Distortion of or evidence of soot on enclosures

26. Potential electrical safety hazard * Not exhaustive list Vegetation growth in earth pit Exposed and dusty panel Torn cables Electrical wire obstructing passage Inadequate and improper grounding

27. 4. Substation Assessor should record data to enable reporting on following issues: • Is there adequate identification and labelling of substations? Is there adequate display of warning and danger notices in substation? • Is the main incoming power supply adequate for power requirements of the building? • Substation is suitable location? Transformer room ventilation provided? Transformer catch pit for oil provided and properly sized? • There are no signs of water ingress? • The room is clean, tidy and not being used as storage space? Services (lighting, sockets) are working Doors and windows are secured and when required, locked There are no signs of damage with the equipment or room • The room is not overgrown with vegetation and access is acceptable • There are no signs of rodent activity • Ventilation (designed to comply with reference of the equipment manufacturer) Emergency first aid signage and equipment Soak pit for transformer with more than 2000 litres of oil

28. 5. Thermographic survey

29. 5. Thermographic survey…

30. 6. Generator

31. 6. Generator… Assessor should record data to enable reporting on following issues: • Check that type of generator is clearly stated in documents and on equipment Check that capacity of generator is the same as stated in the power balance • Electrical distribution, safety interlocking, earthing and changeover facilities made Check that fuel storage requirements are adequate for the use Check for earthing connection for generator frame • Check fuel storage for leaks If the generator fuel deliver relies on a the fuel pump, check the power to the pump is backed up Check that the generator battery monitored (manually or automatic) Check for liquids leaking from generator, tank and pipework • Check for signs of ventilation is adequate • Check that fresh air inlet should be located as far from the sources of heat as practical and as low as possible Check that ventilation air inlets and outlets should be positioned to prevent exhaust air from being drawn into the ventilation inlets (recirculation)

32. 7. Supplies to Life Safety Services

33. 7. Supplies to Life Safety Services…

34. 8. Earthing and bonding

35. 9. Earth leakage protection

36. 10. Switchgear & 11. Equipment quality

37. 12. Conductors During the visual assessment, the following should be checked: • Check that cables are supported correctly Check that the cables have been laid in accordance with design • Is current carrying capacity of the cables is appropriate for the application? • Is there adequate identification and labelling of all distribution boards? Is there adequate identification and labelling of all circuits in DBs? Is there adequate display of warning and danger notices in distribution boards? • Is the protection of cable systems against other causes of damage and deterioration e.g. heat, water adequate? Are there adequate barriers or enclosures against direct contact? Are those barriers or enclosures compromised e.g. due to damage? Are any cables or conductors exposed due to damage, corrosion, missing covers? • Check for dust and lint in electrical panels? • Check for dust and lint in cables • Are there damages flexible conduits? Check for flammable material in electrical panels Are the cables properly segregated in cable trays?

38. 12. Conductors…

39. 13. Lighting protection system The existence of a LPS installation should be discussed and records of annual testing reviewed during the Factory Management Meeting If in place, the following elements should be inspected: • Roof-level air termination network. • Are connections from the roof-level air termination network to be dedicated down conductors? Or • Do the down conductors comprising structural steel columns or reinforcing steel within structural support columns and /or dedicated down tape conductors. • Bonding the dedicated down conductor to adjacent earth electrode housings where earth rods shall be driven through to the earth source. Each down conductor shall have a separate earth termination • Check that test points are in place • Is bonding of all extraneous metalwork such as structural steelwork, metal gutters, down-pipes and any roof mounted mechanical plant in place? • Is there connection via a test link to building main electrical earth bar? • Are lightening protection installation layout available and up to date? • Check strike counter and number of strikes Functional testing of LPS shall not form part of the assessment

40. Voltage drop effects 14. Voltage drop Low voltage and high resistance may lead to fire • Electrical equipment can overheat or power down Energy is wasted, efficiency of equipment affected • It can cause lights to flicker dimly

41. 15. Testing of fire safety and firefighting systems Functionality testing of a number of fire fighting safety systems will be arranged by Electrical and Fire Assessors.

42. 16. Questions to answer before leaving factory Assessors should ask themselves following questions before leaving the premises: 1 • Have you seen all substations? 2 • Have you seen all generators? 3 • Have you checked room ventilation? • Have all electrical panel and transformers been surveyed with thermographic camera? Was this done with electrical equipment under load? 4 • Do all life safety services have a primary and secondary source? Have these been check? 5 6 • Is there a lighting protection system? Has it been checked?

43. Electrical safety checklist • Sample image of Electrical Safety Assessment Checklist - Appendix F

44. Electrical safety checklist • Sample image of Electrical Safety Assessment Checklist - Appendix F

45. Electrical safety checklist • Sample image of Electrical Safety Assessment Checklist - Appendix F

46. Electrical Safety Assessment Labels

47. Important electrical safety labels • Danger • Earthing point • Electrical hazard • Connection • Arc flash

48. Important electrical safety labels • Danger • Electrical hazard • Connection • Earthing point

49. Electrical Safety Assessment Case examples

50. Case example – 1 Vegetation growth in earth pit Before After • Earth pit name plates were made of vinyl board and being broken regularly • Prepared earth pit plates on GI sheets in-house • Vegetation growth issue is addressed and made a regular practice to keep in check