Canada

1. Canada Author: Irina Ovsyannikova, EL Teacher, School 83

2. Some facts • OFFICIAL NAME : Canada • CAPITAL: Ottawa • TOTAL AREA: 9,984,670 sq. km • POPULATION:about 33 million people • NATIVE LANGUAGES: English and French • HEAD OF STATE: Queen Elizabeth II represented by Governor-General • FORM OF GOVERNMENT: constitutional monarchy • PORTS: Halifax, Montreal, Quebec, Toronto • LONGEST RIVER: the Mackenzie (4,341 km) • HIGHEST POINT: Mount Logan (2,340 m) • NATURAL RESOURCES:zinc, nickel, gold, copper, lead • NATIONAL HOLIDAY: Canada Day , 1 July (1867) • NATIONAL SYMBOLS: Maple leaf and beaver • MONEY: basic unit – Canadian dollar M. Jean Elizabeth II

3. Canada is the second largest country in the world after Russia. It is situated in the North American continent, to the north of the United States. The area of the country is about 10 million square kilometres. Canada is washed by three oceans – the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the north. • 10 provinces: • British Columbia • Alberta • Saskatchewan • Manitoba • Quebec • Ontario • New Brunswick • Prince Edward Island • Nova Scotia • Newfoundland • 3 territories: • Yukon • NorthwestTerritories • Nunavut

4. The National Flag of Canada, popularly known as the Maple Leaf is a base red flag with a white square in its centre featuring a stylized 11-pointed, red maple leaf. Canada's royal coat of arms is very closely modeled after the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom – those of the Jacobean era in particular – though with distinctive Canadian elements replacing or added to those derived from the UK.

5. National Gallery Scotiabank Place The population of Canada is about 30 million people. Ottawais the capital of the country. Its population is about 880,000people. Most Canadians live in cities such as Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver. Business Part

6. White Trillium Bruce Peninsula Ontario is known as Canada’s Heartland. It produces more than half of Canada’s manufactured goods. Toronto is the largest city in Canada and the capital of Ontario. CN Tower Hamilton. Gore Park

7. Quebec City Quebec is Canada’s largest province. The capital of it is Quebec City. But Montrealis the largest city of the province. Appalachian Mountains Montreal Blue Flag Iris

8. Vancouver Yuho NP The capitalof British Columbia is Victoria. The largest city of the province is Vancouver. Pacific dogwood Mount Robson Victoria. Parliament Building

9. Alberta is Canada's prairie province. The capital city is Edmonton.Calgary is one of the major commerce centres. Edmonton Alberta Calgary Wild Rose

10. Whitehorse Canada’s territories take up more than a third of area. But they have a very small population and very cold weather. The territories are Yukon with the capital Whitehorse, Northwest Territories with thecapitalYellowknife and Nunavut. Nunavut Legislative Building Yellowknife

11. Niagara Falls is a set of massive waterfalls located on the Niagara River. The falls are located 120 km south-southeast of Toronto, Ontario, between the twin cities of Niagara Falls, Ontario, and Niagara Falls, New York. Niagara Falls

12. Wood Buffalo NP Kluane NP NATIONAL PARKS Mount Robson NP Rocks Park Garibaldi Park

13. L'Anse aux Meadows On a summer’s day nearly 1,000 years ago, a ship from Greenland arrived in Newfoundland, Canada. The captain and his crew liked the warm climate and they decided to stay. They called the region ‘Vinland’ – the land of wine. Then the Skraelings, who were probably Native Canadians, came to fight the Scandinavians. The Scandinavians left the region and moved to another part of Newfoundland – L’Anse aux Meadows, where they built houses and workshops. In 1960, a Norwegian explorer Helge Instad found the ‘village’ and many things which were made by Scandinavians. Today archaeologists are still discovering more about life there.

14. Head Smashed-In For over 10,000 years the Native Canadians people and the buffaloes lived together in the pains of Alberta. The Blackfoot was one of the native Canadian tribes. They used the buffaloes for meat, clothes and for making tepees. They hunted the buffaloes by chasing them over high cliffs. About 150 years ago, a young Blackfoot wanted to watch the buffalo falling over the cliff so he stood in a small place inside the cliff. The pile of dead buffaloes became higher and higher. The young man couldn’t move from his small space and he was killed. The people found the young Blackfoot between the cliff and the buffaloes, with his head smashed in.

15. Nahanni National Park The South Nahanni River runs for 322 km. It has many high waterfalls and dangerous rapids. It is a river of legends. Nearly a hundred years ago many people came here to look for gold. It was a dangerous place. Many people died mysteriously when they were looking for gold in the river – some disappeared in the river mist. When other adventures found headless bodies in the river they called the area ‘Deadman Valley’ and ‘Headless Creek’.

16. Animals of Canada are similar to those of Northern Europe and Asia. They are thebeaver,coyote,black bear,lynx,wolf,fox,skunk,polar bear, puma and so on.

17. Plant life varies with land type and climate. In Canada you can see such trees as sugar maple, beach, coniferous trees, yellow, red and whitepine and many others.

18. The End