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Turkish Military

Turkish Military. By Kevin Gschwend. Military Coups. Military’s first coup was in 1960 when they toppled Adnan Menderes’s DP (democratic party) government as it tried to take authoritarian rule and restrict the RPP (Republican People’s Party).

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Turkish Military

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  1. Turkish Military By Kevin Gschwend

  2. Military Coups • Military’s first coup was in 1960 when they toppled Adnan Menderes’s DP (democratic party) government as it tried to take authoritarian rule and restrict the RPP (Republican People’s Party). • The Military’s 2nd coup happened in 1971 when infighting between political parties representing parliament brought the machinery of government to a standstill. • On September 12th, 1980 street fighting between leftist and rightist extremists almost brought the country to the brink of civil war, the military stage a third coup and controlled government for nearly 3 years. In 1982 the established a new constitution that is used today before allowing the return to civilian rule in 1983. (11, Jenkins) • 1997 Post-modern coup. The Islamist Welfare party took over in 1995, but were forced to install reccommendations from the Turkish military that prevented the attendence of children going to religious school, banned headscarfs at universities and other measures. Erbaken resigned and the Welfare party was shut down in 1998 due to pressure from the Military.

  3. Military & Kemalism • The Turkish military is unique on the basis that it’s sacred duty is to protect an indigenous ideology mainly Kemalism, which is the principals are laid down by the founder of the Turkish republic Kemal Ataturk. Meaning their mandate goes beyond public order and protecting political and economic interest, but to protect the kemalist legacy. (7, Jenkins) • Kemalism is enshrined in the constitution and is committed to secularism, culture homogeneity, and territorial integrity. Used to combat Kurdish separatism and radical islam • Ataturk’s dream was a modern western state that represented Europe in the 1920s and 1930s. Now that ambition is equivilant of Turkey becoming a member of the EU. Which ironically Europe is not granting without significant reform to Turkish policies including withdrawl of the military from the political arena the lifting of restrictions on political and cultural pluralism. Reforms which the military fears could lead to the establishment of a separate Kurdish or Islamist state. (8, Jenkins)

  4. Turkish Military Today • Turkish military officers have demanded a retrial of the rulings set against them for supposedly plotting another coup. • The legal complaint concerns two high-profile investigations, called Sledgehammer and Ergenekon • Lawyers, politicians and journalists were convicted, along with many military officers.

  5. Questions?

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