DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE]

1. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] Module: Basic terms and conceptual delimitations on European and national democratic governance (part 1) Lecturer: Rafal Czachor (Lower SilesianUniversity of Entrepreneurship and Technology, Poland)

2. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] Theoretical part: -changing role of the state -contemporarydemocracy and itsancientroots -whatis a liberaldemocracy and howdoesitwork -the idea of governance -the EU institutions: facingnewchallenges Practical part (tasks for students): -group work & brainstorming

3. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] STATE -one of basic form of socialorganization: most peoplearecitizens of some state all of usareliving on theterritorythatbelongs to some state -state haschangedduringages: ithasdevelopeditsinstitutions but fundamentalcharacteristics and functionsareessentiallythe same.

4. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] STATE maincharacteristics of the state: -clearly defined territory; -effective government; -population subsidiarychracteristics: -international recognition; -perpetual succession of rulers; -universality of rules; -the right to use force and coercion against members

5. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] STATE Functions of the state, spheres of state’sactivity -legislature (producing law) -administrative (executing law) -providing public goods and services -developing business strength -developing culture, education -order (controloversociety)

6. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] STATE Mainfeatures of the state areshaped by: -historicalexperience -tradition and localculture -efficiency of thepolitical system The state and itsallcharacteristicsare a result of socialactivity – itdepends on thesociety, howdoesthe state work Social system Political system

7. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] STATES BY HUMAN 1.Norway 0.955 2.Australia 0.938 3.United States 0.937 4.Netherlands 0.921  5.Germany 0.920 6.New Zealand 0.919  7.Ireland 0.916 8.Sweden 0.916 9.Switzerland 0.913 DEVELOPMENT INDEX 186. Niger 0.304 186. DR of theCongo 0.304 185. Mocambique 0.327 184. Chad 0.304 183. Burkina Faso 0.343 182. Mali 0.344 181. Eritrea 0.351 180.Central African Rep 0.352 179. Guinea 0.355

8. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE]

9. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY 1990’s: beliefthatdemocracyiswinning (Samuel Huntington’sThird wave of democratization) 2000’s: failure of fulldemocratization in various parts of theworldleads to conclusionthatestablishingnewpolitical system depends on many factors: -historicalexperience of democracy -tradition and localpoliticalculture -efficiency of theformerpolitical system

10. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY Only 11% of World’spopulation live in fulldemocracies More than 50% of World’spopulation live in hybrid and authoritarianregimes FulldemocraciesFlaweddemocraciesHybridregimesAuthoritarianregimes

11. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY Fulldemocracy Flaweddemocracy Democracieswithadjectives (sovereigndemocracy, manageddemocracy) Gray zone of democracy Hybridregime (combineselements of democracy and non-democraticregimes) Where to seekthepatterns of democracy?

12. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY Origins of the term: Δῆμος (people) + κράτος (power) = δημοκρατία(rule of the people) Ancient Greece: city-states -smallterritory, smallpopulationsize -limited citizenship -slavery -direct form of participation

13. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY Nowadays: -mechanism of politicalchoice -balanced power structure (separations of powers: legislature, executive, judicary) -a stablepolitical system Liberaldemocracy – whatdoesitmean?

14. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY Thesuccess of the Western model of political system isboundupwith: -freedom of politicalchoice -freedom of economicalchoice Thereis a closetiebetweenconditions of economicactivity and politicalfreedom The linearity theory: economic development leads to urbanization which leads to communication which leads to high levels of education and in turn leads to democracy.

15. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY Bertelsmann Index of Transformation

16. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE]

17. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY Liberaldemocracy – consequences: -limited sovereignty of thestate’sinstitutions -international dependence -vulnerability to the influence of corporations and big companies

18. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEMOCRACY TheWorld’sBiggestCompanies by Assets (Forbes, May 2013) 1. FannieMae 3226 B USD 2. ICBC 2813 B USD 3. HSBC Holdings 2684 B USD Countries by GDP - purchasing power parity (CIA, 2012) 1. USA 15660 B USD 2. EU 15630 B USD 7. Brazil 2362 B USD 79. Croatia 79 B USD

19. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] GOVERNANCE Governance as well as governmentdate back to 14th-15th century and arederrivedfromFrench Meanings of government and governancewereveryclose: -governmentmeant state bodies -govenancemeanttheprocess of governing The oil crisis and ‘the third wave of democratization’ changedtheusage of this term.

20. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] GOVERNANCE Nowadays, governancemeanstheprocess and manner of governingbased on mutual partnershipsintended to archievepolitical order Governanceismoreeffective and moredemocratic: theasymmetrical top-down model of government was shifted by horizontalinteractions and networking.

21. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] GOVERNANCE

22. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] GOVERNANCE -theoutputs of government and govenancearethe same -thediscussion on govenancedoes not bringnewissues but showsthenewapproach: governancerefers to state institutions and non-governmentparticipants (localself-government, industry, NGO’s) governancemeansdemocratic engagement of thesociety – administrationisengagingcivicsociety and sharingresponsibility non-governmentparticipantsbeeingsignificantpoliticalactorsareobliged to cooperate, actcollective

23. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] GOVERNANCE governanceleads to autonomousself-governing networks of actors: theyare controlling eachothermoreeffectivethangovernment-imposedregulations theactivity of administrationshould be moreeffecitve and under society’scontrol Conception of goodgovernanceby theWorld Bank: ‘good governance’ agenda is concerned with the relationship between the state, the market, and civil society. The Bank argues that in order to be effective, the statehave to play a critical role in managing and regulating the market and civil society.

24. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] GOVERNANCE good governance’ isa‘the manner in which power is exercised in the management of a country’s economic and social resources for development’ -institutionalreforms -market supportinstitutions -anticorruptionmeasures -decentralization

25. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS After WWII western Europeancountrieswereplaying minor role in the international relations Thanks to overcomingpolitcalconflicts and startingcloseeconomiccooperation, Europe (the EU) returnedintoworldpolitics as a strongactor Contemporary EU is an survivor of formerintegrationstructuresknown as EuropeanCommunities: EuropeanCoal and Steel Community, EuropeanEconomic Community and EuropeanAtomic Energy Community.

26. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS Source: commons.wikimedia.org

27. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS Since 80’s therewere many factorsthatmadefunctionalintegrationprogessive: -rapideconomic growth in Western Europe; -thespillovereffect: integration in economyencouragedsimilarprocesses in politicalsector -enmeshing of theactivities of variuosuinstitutions in participatingstates -development of commoninstitutions

28. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] Source: commons.wikimedia.org

29. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS Institutions

30. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS Problems of the EU institutions -EU bureaucracyisoverdeveloped -competencies of the EU and memberstatesareoverlapping -Europeanidentityisstillweak (especially in crisistimes) As a result: EU isgettingstuck in crisis

31. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS Source: www.datamarket.com

32. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS How to reform the EU institutions? Source: www.warszawa.naszemiasto.pl

33. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS How to reform the EU institutions? Source: www.warszawa.naszemiasto.pl

34. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] EU INSTITUTIONS How to reform the EU institutions? Source: www.warszawa.naszemiasto.pl

35. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] DEBATING ISSUES: -doestheliberaldemocracymeetexpectations of ordinarypeople? -whatisthe role of the Internet in democracy? - whataretheexamples of governanaceatlocallevel?

36. DEMOcratic governance and Social responsibility for a better and secure EUROPE [DEMOS EUROPE] GROUP ACTIVITIES: -whatisthe influence of globalization on national states? -will ‘theend of history’ reallyhappen? Whatareprospects for democracy in next 20-30 years?