“ INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ”

“INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS” MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY Departmentof Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Dr. Mahmut Parlaktuna Res. Assist. Sevtaç Bülbül Spring 2008

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC): • is a permanent intergovernmental organization of 13 oil-exportingdeveloping nations that coordinates and unifies the petroleum policiesof its Member Countries. • created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. • Membership is open to any country which is a substantial net exporter of oil and which shares the ideals of the Organization.

Since oil revenues are so vital for the economic development of these member nations, OPEC aims to: bring stability to the oil market by adjusting their oil output to help ensure a balance between supply and demand. Twice a year, or more frequently if required, the Oil and Energy Ministers of the OPEC Members meet to decide on the Organization's output level, and consider whether any action to adjust output is necessary in the light of recent oil market developments.

OPEC's mission is: to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of Member Countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets in order to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers and a fair return on capital to those investing in the petroleum industry.

OPEC Member Countriesproduce about 40 per cent of the world’s crudeoil and 15 per cent of itsnatural gas. OPEC’s oil exports represent about 55 per cent ofthe oil traded internationally. THEREFORE, OPEC HAS A STRONG INFLUENCEON THE OIL MARKET.

The American Petroleum Institute, commonly referred to as API, is the main U.S trade association for the oil and natural gas industry, representing about 400 corporations involved in production, refinement, distribution, and many other aspects of the industry. API offices were established in New York City.

The American Petroleum Institute was established on March 20, 1919, to afford a means of cooperation with the government in all matters of national concern; to foster foreign and domestic trade in American petroleum products; to promote in general the interests of the petroleum industry in all its branches; to promote the mutual improvement of its members and the study of the arts and sciences connected with the oil and natural gas industry.

Although the focus ofAPI is primarily domestic, butit also focuses on several specific areas: Research& Statistics: collecting industry statistics, e.g. crude oil production, crude oil and product stocks, refinery runs and other data. Standardization& Certification: standardization of oil field equipment, developing industry-wide standards. more than 500 standards and recommended practices. Taxation: developing an orderly, logical and easily administered way to tax oil assets.

Since 1940, IADC has exclusively represented the worldwide oil and gas drilling industry. Mission of IADC; promote commitment to safety, preservation of the environment and advances in drilling technology. IADC's resources offer benefits to its membership of drilling contractors, producers and associates. Membership is open to any company involved in oil and gas exploration and production, well servicing, oil field manufacturing and other rig site services. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OFDRILLING CONTRACTORS (IADC)

IEA, based in Paris, is an independent agency linked with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). IEA acts as energy policy advisor to 27 member countries in their effort to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for their citizens. IEA Member governments are committed to taking joint measures to meet oil supply emergencies. They have also agreed to share energy information, to co-ordinate their energy policies and to co-operate in the development of rational energy programs.

AIME is a diverse organization, comprising five separately incorporated units with a combined membership of more than 90,000 professionals. It was founded in 1871 by 22 mining engineers inUnited Statesbeing one of the first national engineering societies in the country.

The mission of AIME is: to support the advancement of Member Societies and to represent the Societies in engineering and science communities. Member Societies: The Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society (TMS), The Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (SME), The Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), The Iron and Steel Society (ISS)

Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE); is the international technical and professional association for engineers and the management of energy resources produced through the wellbore. collects, distributes, and exchanges information on techniques and operations to nearly 49,500 members in 125 countries through a broad range of activities, including section meetings, publications, continuing education programs, and technical meetings and exhibitions.

Mission of SPE is; to provide the means for collection, and exchange of technical information concerning the development of oil and gas resources,subsurface fluid flowproduction of other materials through wellbores for the public benefit to provide opportunities through its programs for interested (and qualified) individuals to maintain and upgrade their individual technical competence.

SPE has a section in Turkey as the part of South and Central Europe Region. SPE sponsors student chapters all over the world. With 102 student chapters in 36 countries. There are two student chapters in Turkey, Istanbul Technical University and Middle East Technical University SPE Student Chapters.

SPE Membership; (www.spe.org)

REFERENCES • http://www.opec.org/ • http://api-ec.api.org/newsplashpage/index.cfm • http://www.iadc.org • http://www.tms.org/AIME/AIME.html • http://www.spe.org/ • http://www.iea.org/

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“ INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ”