Unit 2 Studying English

1. Unit 2Studying English Theme 4 The Origins of Idioms

2. Stories Behind Idioms Idiom =a figure of speech used to mean something other than its literal meaning

3. Fly files off the handle • = to lose one’s temper • Jump the shark • = When a TV show takes a turn for the worse….. • 텔레비전 쇼에 상식을 벗어난 장면을 집어넣거나 이야기의 전개를 바꿔서 결국 프로그램의 질을 떨어뜨리거나 시청률 하락세를 만회하고자 하다

4. To beat a dead horse • = to waste time doing something that won’t succeed • 헛수고하다

5. p.43 • □ sprout up싹이나다,자라기 시작하다,나타나다 • □ figure out 이해하다, 파악하다 • □ get quite a different picture : 완전히 다른 그림을 갖다. 즉 다르게 이해하다. • □ interestingly : 흥미롭게도 • □ respectively : 각각 • Cf) respectfully 공손하게, 정중하게

6. But, of course, you would not expect [to see/ seeing] ears [sprouted/ sprouting] up all over your friend's body! • "I'm ready [for/ to] listen.“ • An expression [like this] is called/called an idiom. You know all the words [in the idiom], but you probably can't figure out(its/theirs)exact meaning.

7. For example, when you hear expressions / like "I put my foot in mouth”, and "He's in a real jam." you might get quite a different picture [in your mind] / from whatthey actually mean.

8. In English, there are many interesting idioms (that are) often used in everyday life.

9. Idioms • “I’m all ears,” means “__________________” •  I’m ready to listen . • “I put my foot in my mouth,” means “____” • I said something stupid. • “He’s in a real jam,” means “____________” •  He’s in a difficult situation.

10. p.44 • □ all at once 모두 한꺼번에 • □ context : 문맥, 맥락 • □ unique : 독특한 • □ one at a time : 한번에 하나 • □ following : 다음의 • □ comic strip : (흔히 신문에서 연결된 사각형 박스들 속에 통일된 이야기를 담는) 만화 • □ left-handed : 비꼬는,왼손잡이의 • □ compliment : 칭찬 • □ skinny : 마른 • □ seriously : 심각하게, 진지하게 • □ harm : 해로움 • □ give compliments 칭찬하다

11. In English, there are many [interesting/ • interested] idioms that [often use/ • are often used] in everyday life. It is not possible to learn them all at once. However, don't give up. Just try [to guess/ guessing] their meanings from the [contents/ contexts][in which/ in that] they [are using/are used], and you can learn these unique expressions one at a time.

12. p.45 • □ probably : 아마도 • □ encounter~ : 우연히 만나다 • □ unfamiliar : 익숙하지 않은 • □ might have guessed 추측 했을런지도 모른다 • might have p.p : ~이었을런지도 모른다 (과거 사실에 대한 추측) • must have p.p: ~이었음에 틀림 없다. • would have p.p: ~할 예정이었다. ~할 수도 있었다. (하지만 하지 않았다) • should have p.p: ~했어야만 했다. (하지 않았음을 후회) • could have p.p: ~할 수도 있었다 (그러나 하지 않았다) • may(might) have p.p: ~이었을지도 모른다 (과거 사실에 대한 추측) • □ accurately : 정확하게

13. You don't look [happy/ happily]. • Cathy gave me a left-handed [complement/ compliment]. • you take everything too [serious/ seriously] • I think she needs [to learn/ learning] the ropes about how to give compliments. • you [should have guessed/might have guessed] their meanings from the • Contexts.

14. p.45 • While You Read • 1. The writer recommends learning ___________ by guessing their meanings from __________________. • idioms / contexts • 2. Over to you • Which new idioms did you learn from the comic strip? • left-handed compliment// learn the rope • give somebody the cold shoulder

15. A left-handed compliment

16. p.46 • □ compliment : 칭찬 • □ praise : 칭찬하다 • □ insult : 모욕을 주다 • □ at the same time : 동시에 • □ backhanded : 비꼬는, 빈정대는, =left-handed • A backhanded compliment, also known as a left handed compliment, is an insult that is disguised as a compliment. • □ is known as ~ ~로써 알려져 있다. • cf. be known to : ~에게 알려져 있다. • be known for : ~로 유명하다

17. p.46-1 • □ malicious : 악의가 있는, 심술궂은 • □ instance : 예 (=example) • □ initial : 초기의 • □ intellect : 지성, 지능, 지력 • □ implied ~ : 암시된, 내포된 • □ criticism : 비판 • □ Appear unintelligent 지적으로 보이지 않는다 • □ on the surface : 표면적으로는, 외관상 • □ unattractive 매력적이지 않는

18. It is also known [for/ as] a backhanded compliment/ complement. • The left side of the body [has always considered/ has always been considered][harmful/ harmfully]. • each instance also includes an [implied/ implying] criticism: the person appears [intelligent/ unintelligent] on the surface, and the son's parents are [unattractive/ inattractive].

19. Take a break !!!!! • Husband : Honey, why are you wearing your wedding ring on the wrong finger? • Wife : Because I married • _____________________! the wrong man

21. Learn the ropes know the ropes는 "요령을 잘 알고 있다"는 뜻이다. learn the ropes라고도 한다. 19세기의 선원들에게 가장 중요한 것은 돛대와 연결돼 있는 수많은 rope(밧줄)를 잘 다루는 것이었는데, 바로 여기서 유래한 표현이다 It was hard at first but once I learned the ropes , it gets better and better. [

22. p.47 • □ phrase 어구,문구 • □the days of sailing ships 범선 시절 • □ tie knots 매듭을 묶다 • □ handle 다루다 □ sail : 돛 □ is said to V (수동주의) : ~라고 말해지다 • □ attached 달려있는,부착된, 첨부된 • □ quite a while : 꽤 오래 • □ take : 시간이 ~ 걸리다 • □ legal : 법률의 • □ firm : 기업. 회사

23. Possibly this phrase came from the days of sailing ships when sailors learned how to tie knots and handle the ropes that were attached to the sails. • 선행사+ 관계부사 (where, when, why, how) + 완전한 문장

24. To learn or know the ropes [is/ are] to understand how to do something or [know/ knows] the basics of something. Possibly this phrase came from the days of sailing ships [which/ when] sailors learned how to tie knots and [handle/ handled] the ropes that [attached/ were attached] to the sails. A sailor who was learning all of this [was/ were] said [to be/ being] "learning the ropes ."

25. Examples of this phrase includes "Anne will teach you how to do everything, and [shouldn't/ it/ you/ take/ the/ long/ to/ learn/ too/ ropes]," and • "[quite/ while/ it/ learn/ to/ a/ for/ the/ a new lawyer/ takes/ ropes] in a big legal firm."

26. p.47 • While You Read • 1. Why is the compliment “You’re smarter than you look,” a left-handed compliment? • It includes both an initial compliment and an implied criticism. • 2. Which of the following is NOT explained about the idiom “learn the ropes”? • ⓐ origin(기원) ⓑ meaning ⓒ usage(용도) • ⓓ importance

27. p. 48 • □ ignore : 무시하다 • □ deliberately : 고의로 • □ be relate to : ~와 관련이 있다 • □ is said to V (수동주의) : ~라고 말해지다 • □ tendency : 경향 • □ coldly : 차갑게 • □ toward ~ : ~를 향하여 • □ universal : 전 세계의 • □ rejection : 거절 • □ in one's direction : ~와 같은 방향으로 • □ occasionally : 이따금씩 • □ peer at : ~를 응시하다

28. □ all through the party 파티하는 내내 • □ should have p.p : ~했어야만 했는데 • □ make peace with –와 화해하다

29. When the rejected person looks in your direction, all he sees is your back and shoulder, and you may occasionally peer at him over your shoulder very coldly.

30. This idiom means "to ignore someone [accidentally/ deliberately]." ☀[said/ is/ related/ to/ be/ it/ body language/ to/]. It is a natural human tendency to coldly turn your back toward someone [whose/ whom] you dislike. This is the [distinctive/ universal] language of [reflection /rejection]. When the [rejected/ rejecting] person looks in your direction, all he sees [is/ are] your back and shoulders, and you may occasionally peer at him over your shoulder very [cold /coldly]. An example of this phrase is "I [argued/ argued with] her yesterday.

31. p. 49 • □ get up on the wrong side of the bed • 침대의 잘못된 방향에서 일어나다 • □ originate : ~에서 유래하다. ~에 기원을 두다 • □ ancient : 고대의 • □ superstition : 미신 • □ Cautious 조심하는 • □ on the right side 올바른 측면에 있는 • □ being in bad mood 기분이 좋지 않은 상태에 있다

32. The idiom "get up on the wrong side of the bed' originated from an ancient superstition that (getting out of bed with your left leg first) was unlucky. • that : 동격접속사 → 추상명사 뒤에서 완전한 문장을 이끌고 앞의 명사를 구체적으로 설명합니다. • the philosophy + that + learning by doingismore valuable

33. the idiom we use today, which (=and it) • means being in bad mood.

34. p.49 • While You Read • 1. What is the idiom “give someone the cold shoulder” related to? • ⓐ old traditions • ⓑ body language • ⓒ health myths (건강에 관한 속설) • 2. What were many Romans careful to do when getting out of bed? •  They were careful to get out of bed with their right leg first.

35. P.50 • □ boar : 멧돼지 • □ beat : 두드리다, 치다 • □ bushes 덤불숲 • □ hire : 고용하다 • □ in an attempt to V : ~라는 시도를 위해서 • □ scare out :(숨어 있는 사냥감을) 몰아내다 • □ hide : 숨다 • □ get a much easier shot 훨씬 쉽게 사냥감을 맞추게 한다

36. □ aggressive : 공격적인, 적극적인 • □ crucial : 결정적인 • □ avoid : 피하다 • □ being taken by surprise 갑자기 습격 당하게 되다 • □ hide : 숨다 • □ direct contact 직접 접촉 • □ main point of interest 관심의 요점(대상) • □ get directly to the point of -핵심을 직접적으로 말하지 않다 • □ talk around it 주변을 맴도는 애매한 말을하다

37. P.50 • While You Read • Why did boar hunters hire helpers? •  They hired helpers to scare wild boars out of bushes.

38. Much More Idioms

39. 1. A piece of cake A task that can be done very easily

40. 2. Cost an arm and a leg Very expensive. A large amount of money

41. 3.Break a leg A superstitious way to say ‘good luck’

42. 4.Bite off more than you can chew To take on a task that is way too big

43. 5. Finding your feet To become more comfortable in whatever you are doing

44. 6. Get up on the wrong side of the bed Someone who is having a horrible day

45. 7. Hit the hay Go to bed or go to sleep

46. 8. Kick the bucket Die

47. 9. Let the cat out of the bag To share a secret that wasn’t suppose to be shared

48. 10. Pulling your leg Tricking some as a joke.

49. 11. Raining cats and dogs A very loud and noisy rain storm

50. 12. When pigs fly something that will never ever happen