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Preparing Knowledge Workers for Africa’s Development: Articulating Upper Secondary with Higher Education

Preparing Knowledge Workers for Africa’s Development: Articulating Upper Secondary with Higher Education. Kabiru Kinyanjui George Afeti. Introduction. HE plays indisputable role in national development

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Preparing Knowledge Workers for Africa’s Development: Articulating Upper Secondary with Higher Education

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  1. Preparing Knowledge Workers for Africa’s Development: Articulating Upper Secondary with Higher Education Kabiru Kinyanjui George Afeti ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  2. Introduction • HE plays indisputable role in national development • Global competitiveness of African countries depends on competent leadership and knowledge workers – products of HE • HE draws its primary human resource material from Upper Secondary • Articulation of Upper Secondary with HE therefore crucial in human resource development efforts ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  3. Introduction – cont’d • What are the factors mediating the transition to HE? • How can these factors be effectively and efficiently managed? • Are there any lessons, experiences and good practices that can be shared? ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  4. Main Findings - 1 • Exams play major role in articulation process between upper secondary and HE • Alternative routes to HE are emerging, e.g. NAMCOL • HE institutions offering bridging and remedial courses • Increasing awareness of regional, historical and gender inequalities ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  5. Main Findings - 2 • Policy interventions and affirmative action in favour of female candidates to HE • Very little academic dialogue between upper secondary and HE authorities • Households are contributing more to HE. Fee paying students increasing • Contribution of private HE institutions to absorption capacity of national HE systems still insignificant ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  6. Main Lessons Learned - 1 • Expansion of upper secondary education exerting pressure on provision of HE • How students are prepared, examinations and assessment instruments critical in mediating the transition to HE. Therefore integrity of exams important • Gender inequalities at upper secondary reproduced at HE level. Therefore need for interventions at lower levels. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  7. Main Lessons Learned - 2 • It appears loans and bursaries could be better administered to benefit poor students • Enhancing attractiveness of non-university HE institutions may ease articulation problems and produce right mix of knowledge workers • Strengthening of QA systems at faculty, national and regional levels could support student mobility and regional integration • Articulation between upper secondary and HE is closely linked to transition between HE and employment sector ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  8. Challenges, Options, Ways Forward? - 1 • Massive investment in diversified HE in Africa may be necessary to enhance the continent’s competitiveness in the world • Is it possible to link investment in HE to R&D and economic development, e.g. special bursaries for STI courses? • How can equity of access to HE and equity of outcomes translate into meeting national needs for knowledge workers, social justice, cultural renaissance, competent leadership,…..? ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  9. Challenges, Options, Ways Forward? - 2 • Adequate measures needed to address complex set of factors that govern the transition from upper secondary to HE • Quality of upper secondary education critical to effective articulation with HE, access and success in HE • Diversification of pathways to HE may help manage student flows/regulation without leaving the poor behind or orienting all towards university ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

  10. Challenges, Options, Ways Forward? - 3 • Needed: HE that also promotes indigenous knowledge systems and research and addresses community needs • How can HE shape national agenda, e.g. national development blue-print, debt management, …….? • How can HE help bridge “articulation gap” and ease the problem of student flows? • What policies do we need for effective articulation of USE with HE, linkages with employment sector, economic development, global competitiveness, and good citizenship? ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa: Beyond Primary Education

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