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Rome

Rome. Rome. Foundation myths Aeneas Romulus & Remus 753bc Periods of Roman history 753bc-509bc: KINGS 509bc-31bc: REPUBLIC 31bc-479ad: EMPIRE. Rome. Period of Kings Lictors with fasces; curule chair; purple toga

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Rome

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  1. Rome

  2. Rome • Foundation myths • Aeneas • Romulus & Remus • 753bc • Periods of Roman history • 753bc-509bc: KINGS • 509bc-31bc: REPUBLIC • 31bc-479ad: EMPIRE

  3. Rome • Period of Kings • Lictors with fasces; curule chair; purple toga • Head of state with a variety of prerogatives (religious, foreign policy, judiciary, etc.) • A senate appointed by Romulus: 300 men • Relations with surrounding tribes • End of the monarchy and Estruscan domination; rise of Latium and Republic

  4. Rome • 509bc-265bc – early republic • Consuls replace kings • Constitution of checks and balances • Struggle of the orders: patricians versus plebeians • Expansion throughout the peninsula • 264-241: first Punic War • 238 Sardinia and Corsica • 221 Hannibal in command of Punic army in Spain

  5. Rome • 218-202: second Punic War • 216 Battle of Cannae • 209 Scipio takes New Carthage • 202 Battle of Zama • 149-146: third Punic War • 146 Destruction of Carthage

  6. Rome • Throughout the Republic Period, policy toward conquered was a huge issue • Some received full citizenship • Some received municipal status • Allies in foreign policy and for the army • Some allied via treaties • Some places were colonized (especially for veterans) • The result: LOYALTY

  7. Rome • Roman expansion: • Defensive or preventive • Security for Rome on Rome’s terms • Created problems: what to do with conquered subjects post Punic wars? • Slavery and Mediterranean culture • How Greece conquered Rome

  8. Rome • The end of the Republic • Gracchi: 133 and 121bc • Marius 157-86bc • Sulla 138-78bc • Middle of 1st century: • Pompey & Caesar • Caesar’s assassination • The rise of Octavian • Octavian and Antony

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