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Viet Nam

Viet Nam. World War II. Japan occupied Indochina Japanese troops entering Saigon. After WW II the French return. Face opposition lead by Ho Chi Minh Ho Chi Minh supported by USSR & China France supported by Western democracies & USA.

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Viet Nam

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  1. Viet Nam

  2. World War II • Japan occupied Indochina • Japanese troops entering Saigon

  3. After WW II the French return • Face opposition lead by Ho Chi Minh • Ho Chi Minh supported by USSR & China • France supported by Western democracies & USA

  4. 1954 – French defeated • Peace Conference – Geneva • Viet Nam divided ---Temporarily • North – Communist • Ho Chi Minh • South – not • Ngo Dinh Diem

  5. Election were planned that would unite the two – North and South but were never held • Fear that Ho Chi Minh would win!!!!! • US supported Ngo • Not communist but…. • A dictator, corrupt and brutal • Ngo Dinh Diem

  6. 1961 – Pres. Kennedy sends advisors • Support Ngo Dinh Diem against Communist Guerrilla fighters • Domino Theory and the Truman Doctrine • Truman Doctrine

  7. Ho Chi Minh gave aid to Viet Cong • Viet Cong are S. Vietnamese rebels • Along Ho Chi Minh Trail Ho Chi Minh Trail

  8. Nov 22, 1963, Pres. Kennedy assassinated • Lyndon B. Johnson becomes President

  9. 1964 – Gulf of Tonkin • US Destroyer Maddox in the Gulf of Tonkin • Pres Johnson asks Congress for authority to act. • Gulf of Tonkin resolution

  10. The war escalated “They won’t get me to the conference table… will they?” "Pat Oliphant won the Pulitzer Prize for this cartoon in 1966 showing Ho Chi Minh carrying a dead Viet Cong soldier. By 1966 there were 190,000 U.S. troops in South Vietnam, and North Vietnam was receiving armaments and technical assistance from the Soviet Union and other Communist countries. Ho had sent a note on January 24 to Communist leaders denouncing U.S. peace initiatives. At the same time, South Vietnamese officials had refused to participate in any peace talks with the Viet Cong.”

  11. The war continued with little progress • Growing numbers of Americans began to question the purpose for remaining in Vietnam.

  12. LBJ opens peace talks with N. Viet Nam • decides not to run for a second term • 1968 – Richard M. Nixon • elected President • With a plan to end the war

  13. Vietnamization Policy • Train the South Vietnamese army to take over • US army will leave and S. Vietnamese army will take over

  14. 1973 (Jan)* – Pres Nixon negotiates the Paris Peace Accord • Cease Fire • America will Withdraw troops • North Vietnam will not send troops into the South • Nixon’s second term Evacuation of CIA station personnel, 29, April, 1975

  15. 1975 – North Viet Nam conquered South Vietnam

  16. Did the Domino Theory “kick in”?

  17. “I want to get out, but I don’t want to give up” • Why would Americans find it hard to give up in a war?

  18. 58% thought the war was a mistake • Why did many Americans oppose US involvement in Vietnam?

  19. Thousand had been killed • Taken prisoner • Yet we were making little progress

  20. Why did US involvement end?

  21. Opposition at home • Limited success on the battlefield

  22. War Powers Act - 1973 • Limits the President’s power to use the military forces overseas • Must have a Declaration of war within 90 days • Was vetoed by Nixon. Congress overrode the veto

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