ASM Performance for Cargo Bay Fire Suppression

1. ASM Performance for Cargo Bay Fire Suppression William CavageAAR-440 Fire Safety BranchWm. J. Hughes Technical CenterFederal Aviation Administration International Systems Fire Protection Working Group CAA London, England UK April 19-20, 2006

2. Outline • Background • Test Article and Methods • Preliminary Results • Continued Work AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

3. Background • FAA developed a proof of concept inerting system to inert the CWT of classic style Boeing model 747 • FAA intends to make a rule requiring flammability control of some or all CWTS with an emphasis on inerting system technologies • Potential for using these systems to expand fire protection needs to be explored • E&E bays, wheel wells, dry bays, and hidden overhead areas for example • Need to develop good ASM performance data to perform trade studies, analyze requirements, etc. • Do experiments to validate existing assumptions about ASM performance and obtain additional performance data relevant to cargo bay fire suppression AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

4. Test Article & Methods • Use existing fire safety environmental chamber • Installed 1 of 2 available test articles (MEDAL D640 HFM ASM) • Use cleaned shop air and process heater to supply air to ASM • Measuring temperature, pressure, flow, and O2 concentration • Using thermocouples and pressure transducers when appropriate • Measure oxygen concentration of both product and permeate • Measure NEA flow with rotometer except altitude flow with flight test meter (not sized right) with a course measure of ASM feed flow • Examine performance changes with several key parameters • Examined the effects of ASM feed pressure, ASM temperature, and altitude as well as the effect of deposit pressure on performance • Examined the difference in performance between new and used ASM • Developed and test a matrix of specific relevant performance points AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

5. Block Diagram of ASM Performance Experiment Purity Control AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

6. Results – ASM Performance Effects • ASM productivity very sensitive to feed pressure at the low pressures associated with commercial airplane OBIGGS • Get nearly triple the flow of 9% NEA when increasing the pressure 25% from 40 psia • Higher feed temperatures give better performance, but ASM operates same across 150-180 degree F range (and lower) • 13% decrease in 9% NEA flow with 40 psia feed pressure at sea level • Significant performance benefit from operating ASM at increase altitude (decrease permeate pressure) • Get more than double the mass flow of 5% NEA at 15K feet compared to sea level with same feed pressure and temperature • New ASM data very similar to one with 200 hours flight test • Previous reported performance drop probably due to packaging AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

7. Block Diagram of ASM Performance Experiment AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

8. Block Diagram of ASM Performance Experiment AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

9. Block Diagram of ASM Performance Experiment AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

10. Block Diagram of ASM Performance Experiment AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D

11. Continuing Research • Developed a matrix of performance points with Cherry & Assoc. to allow for modeling of the ASM performance in support of trade study • Data allows for the examination of different trade-offs and system configurations for using NEA for cargo bay fire suppression Red X represents invalid point AAR-440 Fire Safety R&D