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Imperialism of Africa

Imperialism of Africa. European Scramble for Colonies. Basic Principles of Imperialism. Imperialism?: Racism?: Social Darwinism?:. European Nationalism. Source for Raw Materials. Missionary Activity. Industrial Revolution. European Motives For Colonization.

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Imperialism of Africa

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  1. Imperialism of Africa European Scramble for Colonies

  2. Basic Principles of Imperialism • Imperialism?: • Racism?: • Social Darwinism?:

  3. EuropeanNationalism Source for Raw Materials MissionaryActivity Industrial Revolution European Motives For Colonization Markets forFinishedGoods Military& NavalBases SocialDarwinism EuropeanRacism Places toDumpUnwanted/Excess Popul. HumanitarianReasons Soc. & Eco.Opportunities “WhiteMan’sBurden”

  4. Why was Africa Prone to Imperialism? • External Factors?: • Internal Factors?: • What were Euros after?

  5. The Berlin Conference (1884-85) • 14 European nations agreed how to divide Africa • Problem?! • Outcomes: • Forced distribution of African ethnic & linguistic groups • Transformation of African way of life

  6. 20th Century Africa

  7. Colonial Africa

  8. 19c Mysteries & Adventures

  9. 1. Where Is Dr. Livingstone? DoctorLivingstone,I Presume? Sir Henry Morton Stanley Dr. David Livingstone Also: founded Congo Free State (on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium)

  10. European Explorations in mid-19c:“The Scramble for Africa”

  11. The Belgian Congo • Stanley’s exploration of Af. sparked interest of Leopold II (Belgium) • 1879-1882: Stanley signed treaties w/chiefs of Congo River Valley for Leo • Leo’s primary motive = abolish slavery & spread Christianity • BUT, he brutally exploited Congo for rubber • 10 mill. died • 1908: Belgian govt. took control

  12. European Imperialism in South Africa

  13. I. Early Euro. Explorers & Settlers • 1487: Bartholomew Diaz • 1497: Vasco da Gama • 1652: Dutch • Attraction of the Cape of Good Hope?

  14. 1652: Dutch (“Boers” or “Afrikaners”) established Cape Town • 1814: British appear

  15. Conflict betw. Boers & British? • Dutch had slaves • 1833: Emancipation of slaves

  16. II. The Great Trek • 1835-1848: Dutch fought w/Zulus for land

  17. 1868: diamonds discovered in Cape colony • 1885: gold discovered in Transvaal • Effects?? • “Outlanders”

  18. 1853: Cecil Rhodes (DeBeers Diamond Co.) • 1896-1899: reconciliation attempts failed

  19. III. The Boer War (1899-1902) • Boers: guerilla tactics • British: burned farms • Outcome? • 1910: the Union of South Africa • National Party?

  20. Ethiopia: A Successful Resistance • The only Af. nation that resisted Euros. • Menelik II • 1889: became emperor • Built up a large arsenal of modern weapons • Noticed discrepancies in treaty w/Italy • 1896: Battle of Adowa – Ethiopians won

  21. 2. What is the Source of the Nile? Sir Richard Burton John Speke

  22. Cecil Rhodes (1853-1902) “The Colossus of Rhodes”

  23. Uncle Sam: “The Colossusof the Pacific” (A Parody)

  24. Africa in the 1880s

  25. Africa in 1914

  26. The Struggle For South Africa

  27. 3 Groups that clashed over territory & resources in South Africa • Zulus • Boers (Afrikaners) (Dutch) • British • Outcome of the Boer War (1899-1902) • Creation of self-governing Union of South Africa controlled by British (Apartheid system)

  28. What were 4 positive sides of colonialism? • Reduced local warfare • Brought humanitarian efforts • Economic expansion • Railroads, dams, telegraph lines

  29. What were 6 negative sides of colonialism in Africa? • Africans lost control of their land & their independence • Many died of new diseases • Famine • Lost thousands of people in resisting Europeans • Breakdown of traditional cultures • Division of the African continent

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