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Why classify?

Why classify? • Humans have developed classification systems in order to make sense of the abundant biological diversity that exists in nature. Taxonomy. •…the identification, naming, and classification of species

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Why classify?

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  1. Why classify? •Humans have developed classification systems in order to make sense of the abundant biological diversity that exists in nature.

  2. Taxonomy •…the identification, naming, and classification of species •Taxonomists spend their time searching for previously unknown organisms, determining their relationships to known organisms, and giving them names

  3. Eight Levels of Taxonomic Classification • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  4. From biggest to smallest: 1.Domain – compare to a continent 2. Kingdom – compare to a country3. Phylum –compare to a state4. Class – compare to a county5. Order – compare to a town6. Family - compare to a neighborhood7. Genus - compare to a street8. Species – compare to house number

  5. Domain, Kingdom, Phylum…what? An easy way to remember the classification levels: • “ Do Kansas Predators Catch Old Furry Grey Squirrels” • “Does King Phillip Come Over For Grape Soda”

  6. Eight Levels of Taxonomic Classification for the…Grizzly Bear • Domain= Eukarya •Kingdom= Animalia •Phylum= Chordata •Class= Mammalia •Order= Carnivora •Family= Ursidae •Genus= Ursus •Species= Ursus arctos

  7. Eight Levels of Taxonomic Classificationfor the…Dog • Domain-Eukarya •Kingdom-Animalia •Phylum-Chordata •Class-Mammalia •Order-Carnivora •Family Canidae •Genus-Canis •Species- Canis familiaris Scientific name= Canis familiaris

  8. Writing Scientific Names •The rules for writing scientific names: • -CAPITALIZE the first letter of the genus name. • -the species name is all lower case letters. • -Both names must be underlined or italicized. •Example: human = Homo sapiens

  9. Another Example • E. coli --Sometimes the genus name is abbreviated. • Escherichia coli

  10. Scientific Name = Rhinecanthus aculeatus • - Hawaii – Huma Huma Nuka Nuka Apua’a • - Other Places - Picasso Triggerfish

  11. Modern System of Classification • Domain Archae: unicellular (one cell) prokaryotes (contain no nuclei), harsh environments. • Domain Bacteria: common form of bacteria, circular shaped, most are aerobic (needs oxygen). Domain Eukarya: • Protista: eukaryotesm(have nuclei) mostly unicelluar, no complex tissues or systems.

  12. Fungi: heterotrophic (cannot make its own food) eukaryotes, unicellular and multicellular(2 or more cells), absorb nutrients, 100,000 species. • Plantae: Eukaryotes, multi-cellular, most are autotrophic (make their own food) ------ photosynthesis, 350,000 species. • Animalia: Eukaryotes, multi-cellular, Heterotrophic (cannot make its own food), most have symmetrical bodies.

  13. Archae(bacteria)

  14. Bacteria

  15. Protists

  16. Fungi

  17. Plants

  18. Animals

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