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1. Master ASL Unit Two
Test Review
2. What labels are used to describe deaf people? Deaf & Dumb
Deaf Mute
Hearing Impaired
Handicapped
Disabled
3. Why are those labels unacceptable? They focus on inability, they describe deaf people only in terms of their hearing loss. They fail to recognize the cultural identity of most Deaf people.
4. What labels do Deaf people prefer? Deaf
Hard of Hearing
5. What NMS can express Youre Welcome A head nod
6. Define Culture Culture is the total social behaviors,
values, traditions, beliefs, attitudes,
manners, institutions, products, art,
literature, language, goals, ideals,
and traits shared by a group of people
Deaf culture is the shared experiences of Deaf people with its own values, social norms (ways of doing things) a unique history, and a rich tradition of storytelling and poetry that is passed from generation to generation through the use of ASL.
7. Explain Directionality in ASL Directionality means that certain ASL verbs can change. The direction of the movement conveys the Subject and the Object in the sentence. For example: I asked you. You asked me.
I can help you. Can you help me?
Jane gave the book to me. I gave the book to Jane.
8. Social Norms are ways of doing things. Some social norms in the Deaf World are.. Deaf people have long goodbyes
Deaf people use a more direct style of feedback.
Deaf people are more open to information sharing when it benefits other deaf people in dealing with the hearing world.
Deaf people use facial expression a lot more than hearing people do.
Deaf people hug more when greeting each other.
Deaf people think eye contact is really important. Lack of eye contact is rude.
Deaf people use shoulder taps or hand wave to get someones attention.
Deaf people will make comments to you about your appearance.
9. Explain the use of flashing lights by Deaf people Audio devices such as phones, alarms, doorbells, etc are wired to lamps in the homes of Deaf people. When the audio is activated, the lights flash. Each different device is programmed to a different flashing pattern, so the Deaf person knows which device is signaling based on the pattern of the flash.
Flashing overhead lights is also used to get the attention of Deaf people.
10. What is Sign Variation Some signs in ASL have more than one way to produce them. The sign THURSDAY can be made with the H or with TH. The sign TEST has a few ways to sign it. Some people sign BIRTHDAY differently than others. All languages do have regional dialects/variations. ASL is also a language with some variations.
11. What should students do when they encounter signers who use a variation of a sign? If you meet a Deaf person or another signer who uses a variation different from the one Mrs.. Mettling taught or used in your ASL class DO NOT say I learned it this way or My teacher said it is this way That is considered inappropriate. If you dont recognize the variation and you dont know the sign, ask what the sign means. Repeat the new sign back, say I understand and continue the conversation. This shows respect for the language and the signer.
12. Explain a Pathological view of Deafness A pathological view of deafness is a focus on the condition of lost hearing. The focus is on the mechanical function of the hearing system, what is wrong, and often how to fix or repair the lost hearing. A person with a pathological view would welcome a cure for deafness, and would see deafness as a disability, a handicap. They see deafness as not normal and want to make deaf people normal like hearing people.
13. Explain a Cultural View of Deafness A cultural view of deafness recognizes that this group of people have their own identity as Deaf, they have their own language, customs, behaviors, beliefs, values, traditions and ways of living that can and do differ from those who hear.
A cultural view is one of respect and acceptance of these differences without a belief that deaf people are disabled or handicapped because of their inability to hear.
14. Explain how a Pathological View conflicts with a Cultural view A pathological view is not welcomed by Deaf people. It is a view that fails to fully respect and appreciate Deaf people as individuals with a unique identity. It is a view that conflicts with the way Deaf people see or view themselves. They do not see their deafness as a problem to be fixed, rather it is part of their identity and sense of belonging to a unique culture.
15. What is the purpose of the Signed Question Mark? The signed question mark emphasizes your questions and that you expect an answer.
16. Explain when you can use the signed question mark. Use the signed question mark to emphasize your yes/no questions and that a response is expected.
Use the signed question mark to replace a closing signal at the end of a Y/N question.
Use the signed question mark to ask a general question anyone can answer.
Use the signed question mark in informal situations with people you know well.
17. Explain when you need to use other closing signals Use other closing signals for WH questions.
Use other closing signals in formal situations, with adults, teachers, supervisors etc.
Use other closing signals to ask specific questions to specific individuals.
18. Give sentences that use different variations the signed question mark. I have a question for her.
She asked me a question.
I have a question for all of you.
I have several questions for him.
I have several questions for all of you.
Do any of you have any questions for me?
She asked me lots of questions.
19. Explain ASL sentence structure for using WH signs. Always use the WH sign at the END of the sentence. English often starts the sentence with the WH question word, but in ASL that sign is done at the end of the sentence.
You can use WHO at the beginning, but if you do you must repeat it at then end as well.
20. Explain the backgrounds of deaf people who do not use ASL, and are not members of Deaf culture Many were not born deaf. They grew up hearing, using spoken language. They lost their hearing, but did not chose to learn a new language or acquire a different cultural identity.
They may have been born deaf, or lost their hearing when very young, but their hearing families did not expose them to sign.Instead they developed lipreading and speaking skills. They are comfortable interacting with those skills and do not choose to use/learn ASL. They are not involved in Deaf culture.
21. What is the leading cause of hearing loss? Explain the elements that create this type of loss. The #1 cause of hearing loss is overexposure to loud noise.
The decibel level (how loud) + the period of time (how long) are the 2 elements that will combine to cause loss.
Decibel levels over 90dB for more than 8 hours will, over time (years)causes hearing loss.
Decibel levels over 100db for more than 2 hours will cause hearing loss.
Overexpose to noise will damage high pitch hearing.
22. What can Deaf people hear? Some Deaf people hear no sounds in the environment.
Some can hear some very loud sounds.
Some can hear some pitches but cant hear all pitches well.
Some can hear voice, but might not understand words clearly.
23. How does Hearing loss affect ones ability to understand speech? Speech is only one part of the sound environment. It is normally about 30-40 dB loud. Words use speech sounds that combine low, middle and high pitches.
If a person cant hear all the speech sounds (pitches) well, then words are unclear, distorted, or muffled.
Making the words louder doesnt always help make them clearer.
A person might understand some words well if the word uses pitches they can hear.
24. NMS used when you are unclear about something or need further explanation Use Brows Down (WH face) when you want to express you are unclear or need someone to explain something again.
25. When to use UNCLEAR Use the sign UNCLEAR when you want to say things like.
1. Im unclear about something.
2. I dont really understand that.
3. I dont quite get what you mean.
4. That doesnt really make sense to me.
26. What does Iconic mean? Iconic means the sign makes a visual picture of the idea or word that it is clear to anyone. You would understand these signs even if you dont know ASL.
Examples of iconic signs are baby, eat, drink, car, dont do that, sort of, book, write/pen.
Most ASL signs are not iconic. These signs would not be understood just by seeing them. A few ASL Non-conic signs: Explain, Fine, Same-old, Whats up, Meaning, Need,
Absent, Cant, Slow, Again.