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Chapter 27.4 The Outer Planets

Chapter 27.4 The Outer Planets . Std. 1a- Students know how the differences and similarities among the sun, the terrestrial planets, and the gas planets may have been established during the formation of the solar system

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Chapter 27.4 The Outer Planets

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  1. Chapter 27.4 The Outer Planets Std. 1a- Students know how the differences and similarities among the sun, the terrestrial planets, and the gas planets may have been established during the formation of the solar system Objective 1: Identify the differences between the outer planets and the terrestrial planets Objective 2: Compare the characteristics of the outer planets Objective 3: Explain why Pluto is different from the other 8 planets

  2. The Outer Planets • The 5 Planets farthest from the sun are: 5) Jupiter 6) Saturn 7) Uranus 8) Neptune 9) Pluto • Asteroid belt - A ring of debris that separates the inner and outer planets

  3. Gas Giants • Gas giants are much larger than terrestrial planets (much less dense) • Thick atmosphere = mostly hydrogen and helium • Cores = rock and metal • All four gas giants have ring systems made of dust and ice debris

  4. Jupiter • 5th planet from the sun • Largest planet 300x larger than Earth • Orbits the sun every 12 years • Rotates every 9hrs 50 min. (fastest) • At least 60 moons • Several thin rings

  5. Jupiter’s Atmosphere • Hydrogen and helium makes up 92% of the atmosphere • Rapid rotation causes gases to swirl around the planet and form bands • Great Red Spot – giant storm • Average temperature -160 ° C

  6. Jupiter’s interior • Jupiter’s interior has higher temperature and pressure than Earth’s interior • Interior is a liquid (metallic hydrogen) surrounding a solid, rocky, iron core

  7. Objective 1: Identify the differences between the outer planets and the terrestrial planets • What is the ring of debris that separates the inner and outer planets? • Asteroid Belt • Gas giants atmosphere’s are made of mostly… • Hydrogen and Helium • What is the name of the storm on Jupiter? • Great Red Spot • What do gas giants have that terrestrial planets don’t? • Rings

  8. Saturn • 6th planet from the sun • Orbital period is 29.5 years • Cloud temperature -176 ° C • At least 30 moons, Titan (largest moon) is half the size of Earth • Made of hydrogen & helium (rocky iron core)

  9. Saturn’s rings • Most complex system of rings of all the gas giants • made of billions of ice and dust particles • Rotates every 10h 30 min • Fast rotating & low density causes Saturn to bulge at the equator

  10. Uranus • 7th planet from the sun • 3 billion km away (difficult to study ) • 24 moons • 11 thin rings • Orbits every 84 yrs

  11. Uranus rotation • Axis is parallel to the plane of it’s orbit • Most planets rotate perpendicular • Rotates every 17 hrs. • Atmosphere - hydrogen & helium • Blue/green color indicates presence of methane • -214 °C core of rock and melted elements

  12. Neptune • 8th planet • Same size and mass as Uranus • Orbital period is nearly 164 years • Rotates every 16 hrs. • Has at least 8 moons & possibly 4 rings

  13. Neptune’s Atmosphere • Consists of hydrogen, helium & methane • Solar systems strongest wind > 1,000 km/h • The Great Dark Spot is a storm as big as Earth • Cloud temperature = -225°C

  14. Objective 2: Compare the characteristics of the outer planets • What are Saturn’s rings made of? • Billions of dust and particles • What is the name of the storm on Neptune? • The Great Dark Spot • What’s unique about Uranus’s rotation? • It rotates almost parallel to the plane of it’s orbit • What gives Uranus’s it’s blue/green color? • Methane

  15. Pluto • Dwarf planet • Elongated orbit (sometimes in Neptune’s orbit) • Made of frozen methane, rock & ice • Very different than the gas giants (may not be an actual planet)

  16. Objects Beyond Pluto • Kuiper Belt - A region of the solar system beyond Neptune’s orbit which contains small bodies made of ice • Pluto may be the largest body of the Kuiper Belt

  17. Exoplanets • Exoplanets - planets that orbit other stars • They DO NOT orbit the sun in our solar system

  18. Objective 3: Explain why Pluto is different from the other 8 planets • What makes up Pluto? • Frozen methane, rock and ice • Why is Pluto not considered an actual planet? • Very different than the gas giants • Pluto may be the largest body of the… • The Kuiper Belt • What are planets that orbit other stars? • Exoplanets

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