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Understanding the Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Structure, and Function

This comprehensive overview of the cardiovascular system details how the heart circulates blood through the body. It explores the structure and function of arteries, veins, and capillaries, highlighting their roles in nutrient and gas distribution under varying pressures. Key conditions such as coronary artery disease, deep vein thrombosis, and varicose veins are discussed alongside diagnostic methods and surgical interventions. This essential information is crucial for understanding cardiovascular health and associated disorders.

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Understanding the Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Structure, and Function

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Presentation Transcript

  1. How do you think that the heart gets blood to its tissues? DO NOW

  2. The Blood Vessels The Cardiovascular System

  3. Carry blood away from the heart • Structure: • Tunica interna – endothelial cells • Tunica media – smooth muscle (blood pressure) • Tunica externa – elastic tissue • Function: • Distribution of nutrients, gases, etc, with movement of blood under high pressure • Assist in maintaining arterial blood pressure Arteries

  4. Carry blood toward the heart • Structure: • Tunica interna – valves prevent movement of blood • Tunica media – smooth muscle (thinner than artery) • Tunica externa – heavy layer • Function: • Collect blood for return to the heart • Low pressure vessels Veins

  5. Carry blood from the arterioles to venules • Structure: • Microscopic vessels • Only layer is tunica interna Capillaries

  6. Angi/o – vessel • Arteri/o – artery • Phleb/o, ven/o – vein • Ather/o – yellow, fatty plaque • Isch/o – deficiency, blockage • Therm/o – heat Combining Forms

  7. Coronary artery disease – reduces flow of blood through coronary arteries through the myocardium resulting in heart tissue necrosis (death) • Deep vein thrombosis – thrombus in a deep vein; clot can break off causing pulmonary embolism • Varicose veins – distended or torturous veins found in lower extremeties Diseases/Disorders (NBFWP)

  8. Coronary stent – device implanted in coronary artery used to prevent closure of the artery Surgical Terms (NBFWP)

  9. Dopplar ultrasound – uses sound for detection of blood flow within the vessels • Blood pressure – pressure exerted by the blood against the blood pressure walls • Percussion – tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density beneath • Pulse – number of times per minute the heartbeat is felt on the arterial wall • Sphygmomanometer – device used to measure blood pressure • Stethoscope – instrument used to hear internal body sounds Diagnostic Terms (NBFWP)

  10. Hypertension – blood pressure above normal (>140/90) • Hypotension – blood pressure below normal (<90/60) • Lumen – space within a tubular part • Occlude – close tightly, block • Vasoconstrictor – agent that narrows the blood vessels • Vasodilator – agent that enlarges the blood vessels • Venipuncture – puncture of vein to remove blood, instill medication or start intravenous infusion Complementary Terms (NBFWP)

  11. Disease/disorders • Angioma • Angiostenosis • Arteriosclerosis • Atherosclerosis • Plebitis • Polyarteritis • thrombophlebitis • Surgical terms • Angioplasty • Atherectomy • Endarterectomy • Plebectomy • Plebotomy • valvuloplasty Homework

  12. Diagnosis terms • Angiography • Angioscope • Angioscopy • Aortogram • Arteriogram • Venogram • Venography • Complementary terms • Atriventricular • Phlebologist • phlebology Homework

  13. If you have blackboard course… If you DON’T have blackboard course… Get a computer Research coronary artery disease Add your facts to the poster on the wall DO NOT DUPLICATE! • Take up though test 6 • Pass by poster for coronary artery disease and record facts in your notebook Next…

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