DO NOW

1. DO NOW What does the cell theory state?

2. Light Microscopes • Simple magnification and lenses • Lenses magnify an object by bending the light that passes through them • Curved shape is called convex • Compound magnification • These have more than one lens • Resolution • The ability to clearly distinguish between parts

3. Electron Microscope • Use a beam of electrons instead of light to produce a magnified image • Can get pictures of very small objects. • Resolution is much better than that of the light microscope.

4. Robert Hooke • Looked at cork • Named the cell

5. Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Was looking at water the same time that Hooke was looking at cork • He noticed that there were small things moving in the water

6. Schlieden, Schwann, Virchow • Schlieden said that all plants are made of cells • Schwann all animals are made of cells • Virchow said that cells come from existing cells • The three men created the cell theory

7. The Cell Theory • All living things are composed of cells • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things • All cells are produced from other cells

8. Cells • Tiny structures inside of a cell called organelles • Cell Wall • Only on plant cells and a few other organisms • Is a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells • Protects and supports the cell • Made of cellulose • Water and Oxygen can pass through the cell easily

10. Cell • Cell Membrane • Barrier on the outside of all cells • Controls the substances that move in and out of the cell. • Forms boundaries that separates the cell from its environment • For a cell to survive the cell membrane must allow waste products out and nutrients in

12. DO NOW • Take out your homework • What is the difference between a cell membrane and a cell wall?

13. Nucleus • The control center of the cell, directing the activities • Nuclear envelope • Membrane that surrounds nucleus • Materials pass in and out through this • Chromatin • Contain genetic material • Contain instructions for the cells function • Nucleolus • Where ribosomes are made • Ribosomes make proteins which are important to the cell

15. Organelles in the Cytoplasm • Cytoplasm is located outside the nucleus • The area between the cell membrane and nucleus

17. Mitochondria • Rod-shaped structures • Known as the powerhouse of the cell • Convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its function

18. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to the other. • Can be smooth or rough

20. Ribosome • Attached to the surface of some parts of the endoplasmic reticulum • Some float in the cytoplasm • Small, grainlike bodies • Factories to produce proteins • Proteins go through the wall of the endoplasmic reticulum and then to the Golgi bodies.

22. Recap • What are the organelles that we discussed today? • What purpose does each serve? • Homework: Prepare for vocabulary quiz

23. DO NOW • What is the difference between smooth and rough ER? • Prepare for your vocabulary quiz.

24. Golgi Bodies • Looks like flattened sacs and tubes • Can be thought of as the mail room of the cell • Receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell

26. Chloroplasts • Only found in plants and a few other organisms • Capture energy from the sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell

28. Vacuoles • Large water filled sacs • Storage areas of cells • Most plant cells have one large vacuole • Some animal cells have vacuoles and some do not • Store food and other materials needed, can also store waste

29. Lysosomes • Small, round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell. • Can be called the cell’s clean-up crew

30. Specialized Cells • In multicellular organisms cells usually special and are organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems.

31. HOMEWORK • FINISH PACKET