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Understanding Dharma in Hinduism: Principles, Duties, and Universal Virtues

This overview explores the essential principles of Dharma in Hinduism, emphasizing key virtues such as truth, non-violence, and self-control. It highlights the principles of patience (dhriti), forgiveness (kshama), and cleanliness (shauch) while also considering the varying responsibilities assigned to individuals based on gender and societal roles. The discussion includes ten Dharmic disciplines, the significance of the Vedas as the ultimate authority, and how literature influences our understanding of Dharma, culminating in insights about the four stages of life and their connections to the Vedas.

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Understanding Dharma in Hinduism: Principles, Duties, and Universal Virtues

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Hinduism … The Plot Thickens !

  2. Dharma Duties • Patience (dhriti) • Forgiveness (kshama) • Piety or self control (dama) • Honesty (asteya) • Sanctity (shauch) • Control of senses (indraiya-nigrah) • Reason (dhi) • Knowledge or learning (vidya) • Truthfulness (satya) • Absence of anger (krodha). Dharmic laws govern not only the individual but all in society.

  3. Dharma Disciplines • 1. Satya (Truth)2. Ahimsa (Non-violence)3. Brahmacharya(Celibacy, non-adultery)4. Asteya(No desire to possess or steal)5. Aparighara(Non-corrupt)6. Shaucha (Cleanliness)7. Santosh (Contentment)8. Swadhyaya(Reading of scriptures)9. Tapas (Austerity, perseverance, penance)10. Ishwarpranidhan(Regular prayers)

  4. Changing Dharma • “Just as a doctor prescribes different medicines for different people according to their constitution and the nature of their disease, so also Hinduism prescribes different duties for different people.” • “Rules for women are different from the rules for men. The rules for different Varnas (castes) and Ashramas (the four stages of life) vary.” (“Understanding Hinduism”)

  5. Universal Rules of Dharma There are four fundamental virtues that all Hindus are asked to adhere to regularly 1. Non-violence 2. Truth 3. Purity 4. Self-control Good dharma = Good karma 

  6. How does literature impact Dharma? “In the matter of Dharma, the Vedas are the ultimate authority. You cannot know the truth about Dharma through any source of knowledge other than the Vedas.” (“Understanding Hinduism”)

  7. Mirror Image Theory The four stages of life may, somewhat improbably, be associated with the four parts of the Vedas:

  8. p.s. … Brahma’s Birth • Brahma is self-born in a lotus flower that grew from the navel/bellybutton of Vishnu at the beginning of the universe !

  9. TO BE CONTINUED ….

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