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Healthcare

Healthcare. Disclaimer: This study has been conducted by an independent research consultant. 100. a. Healthcare in Pakistan suffers from underfunding in public domain and high dependence on poorly regulated private sector. Public expenditure. Private expenditure. 2006.

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Healthcare

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  1. Healthcare Disclaimer: This study has been conducted by an independent research consultant

  2. 100 a Healthcare in Pakistan suffers from underfunding in public domain and high dependence on poorly regulated private sector Public expenditure Private expenditure 2006 Health expenditure as proportion of GDP % Source of health expenditure % Pakistan 16 • The government is severely underfunding its investment in healthcare • A large part of demand is met via private healthcare spending which is channelled to un-regulated private service providers • Low insurance coverage for health means financial access is a key issue India 20 Bangladesh 37 Egypt 41 Sri Lanka 49 SOURCE: WHOSIS, expert interviews The Aman Foundation www.amanfoundation.org

  3. 10 Hospital beds (2000-2005) Physician density (2004-2005) a Pakistan has comparable healthcare capacity relative to peer countries Capacity per 10,000 population Pakistan Healthcare capacity The capacity of the overall physical and human resources of a healthcare system (e.g., hospitals, beds, doctors, nurses) and their distribution within the country India Not available Bangladesh 61 Egypt Sri Lanka SOURCE: WHOSIS The Aman Foundation www.amanfoundation.org

  4. 20 Births attended by skilled health workers, 2006 % a However, quality of care provided is lacking . . . Multiple sectors likely at play including patient awareness and willingness to seek care Pakistan 301 Healthcare quality: The existence of safeguards aimed at raising quality, safety and acceptability of care are considera-tions of healthcare supply India Bangladesh Egypt 742 Sri Lanka 973 1 National Institute of Population Studies, Pakistan 2 2005 data 3 2001 data SOURCE: WHOSIS, Pakistan Ministry of Health The Aman Foundation www.amanfoundation.org

  5. 82.0 Contraceptive usage % (2000-2006) a . . . exacerbated by low awareness of basic healthcare practices . . . Pakistan • Healthy behaviour encompasses • The existence of environmental protec-tion and of infrastruc-ture to protect the public from disease • The extent to which healthy behaviour is promoted and preventative care is available and used India Bangladesh Egypt Sri Lanka SOURCE: WHOSIS, Ministry of Pakistan Health The Aman Foundation www.amanfoundation.org

  6. 66 Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), 20081, Millions b Karachi’s disease profile reflects a double burdenof disease ESTIMATES • Noncommunicable disease is increasing with greater average life expectancy • Communicable disease is 80% preventable, often through low-cost interventions • Existing ambulance service focuses on patient transport, or is inaccessible • Despite a marginally declining trend, Pakistan ranks 111th out of 169 on maternal and 184th out of 191 on perinatal mortality Noncommunicabledisease (NCD) 2.1 Communicabledisease 1.3 Injury .5 Maternal andperinatal disease .6 Total 4.6 1 Estimated based on 2002 data extrapolated at 1998-2003 CAGR SOURCE: Team analysis based on WHO data, expert interviews, UN The Aman Foundation www.amanfoundation.org

  7. 2 b The top 10 causes of mortality in Pakistan are largely treatable Curabledisease Cause of death % Lower respiratory infections IschemicIschaemic heart disease Diarrhoeal diseases Perinatal conditions ~40% of all deaths in Pakistan are caused by preventable/ curable diseases Cerebrovascular disease Tuberculosis Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Measles Whooping cough Congenital anomalies SOURCE: WHO, 2006; Disease Controls Priority Project The Aman Foundation www.amanfoundation.org

  8. c Perspectives from experts show that a focus on women and children could have high impact International foundations Research/academia For too many women it [motherhood] is associated with suffering, ill-health and even death. … children are vulnerable to malnutrition and infectious diseases, many of which can be effectively prevented or treated – World Health Organization In Pakistan, 1 mother dies every 20 minutes… and 500,000 children under five die every year, which is unacceptable… These issues need to be tackled on war footing– Dr. Babar T. Sheikh, Aga Khan University NGOs Government …the government has spent lots of money - mostly borrowed or begged – on MNCH (maternal and child health) and yet indicators are so poor relative to countries such as Nepal, India and Bangladesh – Farid Midhet, Safe Motherhood Alliance Pakistan …proven health interventions can help in saving lives of mothers, newborns and children and most of the causes are preventable and manageable/treatable – Islamabad Declaration on Maternal and Child Health, Government of Pakistan, 2005 SOURCE: Interviews, press release, web search The Aman Foundation www.amanfoundation.org

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