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The Age of Exploration

The Age of Exploration. Europe Encounters the World. Why did explorations happen when they did?. A variety of factors all came together to make the time period (1450-1700) the Age of Exploration Some of these factors were pushes = things that made Europeans leave Europe

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The Age of Exploration

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  1. The Age of Exploration Europe Encounters the World

  2. Why did explorations happen when they did? • A variety of factors all came together to make the time period (1450-1700) the Age of Exploration • Some of these factors were pushes = things that made Europeans leave Europe • Some were pulls = things elsewhere that attracted the Europeans

  3. Push – and Pull Factors: • The Three G’s: • Gold • Glory • God

  4. The First G: Gold • Gold = wealth • Europe needed gold (and silver) to fuel the rising banking system * Other types of “gold”: • Europeans desired spices such as cinnamon, nutmeg and pepper • Other natural resources such as timber, sugar, tobacco, ivory. • This competition was by mercantilism: -> limited amount of wealth in the world more gold and wealth makes you stronger

  5. The second G: Glory • Glory was a relatively new idea in Europe • increased focus on individual achievement • printing press: gaining fame for one’s actions was more possible • Also, individual kings wanted glory for their kingdoms, and competition spreads The Triumph of Fame, a Flemish tapestry from 1502.

  6. The third G: God • Europeans had always been spreading Christianity • Especially after the Reformation, competition sprang up • Colonization will become a race to convert indigenous peoples to Christianity • Jesuits (Catholics) are some of the most active

  7. How did these explorations begin? • Prince Henry of Portugal, known as Prince Henry the Navigator • Started an institute for seafaring and exploring • Combined Iberian ship technology with new European innovations • By the time of his death in 1460, the Portuguese had sailed as far south as the Gold Coast of West Africa

  8. What were the new technologies that enabled explorations? • The Caravel : • triangular sails – more maneuverable • bilge pump system • Compass, astrolabe, maps and other technologies from Islamic culture all helped make explorations possible

  9. What factors were pushing Europeans to explore? • Decline of Mongol Empire in 1400s made goods from the east harder to get, more expensive • Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453 was a major block to trade

  10. From Conquest to Colonisation

  11. The Colonial Class System

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