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Experimental Facilities

Experimental Facilities. John Hill Director, NSLS-II Experimental Facilities Division NSLS-II User Workshop July 17, 2007. Novel features of Design. The DBA-30 design has a number of novel features that offer a unique range of opportunities for our large, diverse community of users:

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Experimental Facilities

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  1. Experimental Facilities John Hill Director, NSLS-II Experimental Facilities Division NSLS-II User Workshop July 17, 2007

  2. Novel features of Design The DBA-30 design has a number of novel features that offer a unique range of opportunities for our large, diverse community of users: Low emittance Ultra-high flux and brightness soft x-ray and High current, hard x-ray undulator sources long straights Damping wigglers Very intense broad band sources of hard x-rays Soft Bends Bright sources of soft x-rays Large gaps to provide excellent far-IR source. 3 Pole Wigglers High-flux, bright sources of hard x-rays

  3. Radiation Sources: Brightness

  4. Radiation Sources: Flux

  5. Three-pole Wigglers Added to provide hard x-ray dipoles without big impact on the emittance. 2 mrad source Each BM port can either be a soft bend or a 3PW source ~15 3PWs would increase the emittance ~ 10%

  6. Radiation Sources: Infra-Red Standard gap BMs provide excellent mid and near IR sources Large gap (90 mm) BMs provide excellent far-IR sources

  7. Electron Beam Size Truly tiny electron beams…

  8. Source Size vs. Photon Energy

  9. Source Divergence vs. Photon Energy

  10. Heat Load Calculations Undulator Maximum thermal slope error in beam footprint = ±4 µrad (cf Darwin width of 31 mrad) Calculations for worst case U14 superconducting undulator: 2σ beam, Total power = 92 W (filtered) Wiggler Power from the insertion devices is large, but it can be handled Maximum thermal slope error in beam footprint = ± 23 µrad Calculations for L=7m damping wiggler: 0.25 mrad, Total power = 1.8 kW (unfiltered)

  11. Experimental Floor BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES • 1 pentant (= 6 sectors) served by 1 LOB: • 72 offices • 6 labs (480 sf) • Vibration studies (FEA) carried out to minimize sources and propagation of vibrations from ground up. • Long beamlines would have hutches outside the experimental hall.

  12. Vibration Suppression at NSLS-II • Extensive FEA modeling of vibrations in facility underway (N. Simos) • Goal is to: • Understand site • Mitigate external and internal sources • Isolate sensitive beamlines Studies indicate that cultural noise will be trapped by the floor Service Bldg Possible solutions: slab thickening, isolation joints, trenches…

  13. NSLS-II Beamlines • 15 low-b straights for user undulators • Could potentially drive up to 30 beamlines by canting two undulators • 4 high-b straights for user undulators • Could potentially drive up to 8 beamlines by canting two undulators • 8 high-b straights for user damping wigglers • Could potentially drive up to 16 beamlines by canting two DWs • 27 BM ports for UV and soft X-rays • Up to 15 of these can have 3-pole wigglers to provide hard x-rays. • 4 large gap BM ports for far-IR At least 58 beamlines More w/ multiple IDs per straight Multiple hutches per beamline are also possible

  14. Project Beamlines • Project goal: To provide a minimum suite of insertion device beamlines to meet physical science needs that both exploit the unique capabilities of the NSLS-II source and provide work horse instruments for large user capacity. • The beamlines are: • Inelastic x-ray scattering (0.1 meV) • Nanoprobe (1 nm) • Soft x-ray coherent scattering and imaging • Hard x-ray coherent scattering and SAXS • Powder diffraction (damping wiggler source) • EXAFS (damping wiggler source)

  15. Nanoprobe • Mission • Nanoscience: hard-matter • Imaging, diffraction • Capabilities • 1nm, short working distance • 10nm, larger working distance • Possible remote hutch • Source • U19 in lo-b straight* • *A candidate for extended straight. 1 nm 10 nm

  16. Inelastic X-ray Scattering • Mission • Low energy modes in soft matter • Phonons in small samples (Hi-P, single crystal..) • Capabilities • 0.1 meV, fixed energy • 1.0 meV, fixed energy • Source • U19 in lo-b straight* • *A candidate for extended straight. 0.1 meV 1.0 meV

  17. Hard X-ray Coherent Scattering • Mission • Slow dynamics in soft matter • Nanoscale imaging of hard matter • time-resolved SAXS (biological processes) • Capabilities • XPCS/SAXS • Coherent Diffraction • Source • U19 in hi-b straight* • *gap > 7mm Coherent Diffraction/SAXS XPCS Secondary optics

  18. Soft X-ray Coherent Scattering • Mission • Imaging of bio samples • Hard matter, magnetic systems • Capabilities • Coherent imaging + microspectroscopy • Coherent scattering • Fast switching of polarization • Source • 2 x EPU 45 in lo-b straight (canted at 0.25 mrad)

  19. Powder Diffraction • Mission • Materials Science • time-resolved catalysis • Capabilities • 5-50 keV • Analyser-mode and strip-detector mode • Sample environments (high-P, low-T, high-T..) • Source • 3m damping wiggler in hi-b straight BM hutch Powder-I Powder-II

  20. XAFS Mission Environmental science, catalysis Materials science Capabilities Microprobe In-situ catalysis, controlled atmosphere Source 3m damping wiggler in hi-b straight BM hutch EXAFS-I EXAFS-II

  21. Path Towards 1 nm Kinoforms E-beam at Lucent Etching at BNL (CFN) Refractive optic with minimal absorption • Achieved 82 nm • Theoretical calculations show 1nm is possible • Technical challenge in fabricating multiple lenses with sufficiently smooth walls. s=82 nm Multi-layer Laue Lenses Thin film multilayers, sectioned for use as ZPs • Pioneered at ANL • Achieved 19 nm • Theoretical calculations show that 1nm is possible. • Technical challenge in fabricating thick MLs with atomically smooth layers. s=19 nm

  22. Path Towards 0.1 meV Asymmetric Optics acting as Dispersive Elements • Energy resolution controlled with asymmetry parameter • Achieve high energy resolutions at moderate photon energies (9 keV) DE=2 meV • Technical Challenges: • Fabrication and mounting of large Si crystals • Temperature stability E=9.1 keV Y. Shvyd’ko et al PRL (2006)

  23. Summary • Conceptual design of accelerator has matured into an exciting design, promising superlative experimental capabilities. • World-leading performance extends from the far-IR to the very hard x-ray. A range of sources will be available to match the various scientific needs. • These include unprecedented energy and spatial resolution for hard x-ray beamlines and world-leading resolution and flux for soft x-ray beamlines. • Project insertion device beamlines have been identified. User community to define the scientific mission of these beamlines. • Looking forward to your input and feedback during the workshop.

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