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Loose Connective Tissue

This overview explores the composition and characteristics of loose connective tissue (LCT), emphasizing areolar tissue and its components. Highlights include collagen, elastin, and proteoglycan structures, with detailed descriptions of major staining techniques such as Masson’s Trichrome, Orecin, and Silver stains. Additionally, the role of fibroblasts, adipocytes, and defense cells like neutrophils and macrophages is examined, showcasing their functions within LCT. Visual aids include transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, illustrating collagen fibers and other cell types in detail.

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Loose Connective Tissue

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  1. Loose Connective Tissue (LCT)

  2. Areolar Tissue Pink = collagen Purple = elastin

  3. Masson’s Trichrome Stain – blue = collagen

  4. Orecin Stain for Elastin – purple “ribbon candy”

  5. Sliver Stain for Reticular Fibers

  6. Collagen synthesis and organization

  7. TEM of extracellular collagen fibers (Cl)

  8. TEM of collagen fibers with 64 nm periodicity

  9. Glycosaminoglycan Structure

  10. Proteoglycan A schematic representation of a proteoglycan. It consists of a protein core molecule bound with many different types of Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). For example, a proteoglycan from cartilage matrix can have 30 keratan sulfate and 100 chondroitin sulfate GAG chains.

  11. Aggregan – the largest extracellular proteoglycan complex Aggregan – the largest extracellular proteoglycan complex Core hyaluronic acid (GAG in blue) complexed with numerous proteoglycans . Core hyaluronic acid (GAG in blue) complexed with numerous proteoglycans .

  12. PAS stain of epithelial basement membranes (BM)

  13. TEM of a basement membrane (BL)

  14. Diagram of the Basal Lamina Basal cell memb w/ Integrins Laminin Nidogen Heparan Sulfate PGs Collagen Type IV

  15. Cells of the LCT Fibroblasts

  16. LM of fibroblasts (arrows)

  17. SEM of fibroblasts

  18. Live fibroblasts in culture – viewed with phase microscopy

  19. SEM image of a long fibroblast cell projection in culture

  20. Adipose and Adipocytes

  21. Adipocytes (fat cells)

  22. Adipose Tissue – fat cells + CT septa (arrows)

  23. Adipose Tissue fixed and stained w/ Osmium Tetroxide

  24. Defense cells of the LCT Neutrophils, Plasma cells, Mast cells, and Macrophage

  25. LCT – a = pericytes; b = mast cell; c = plasma cells; d = capillary

  26. LCT – M = mast cell; P = plasma cells; F = fibroblasts; Eo = eosinophils, N = neutrophils

  27. TEM of a Plasma Cell

  28. TEM of a Mast Cell

  29. TEM of a Macrophage

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