CHAPTER

1. 7 CHAPTER INPUT AND OUTPUT

2. Competencies • Define input • Describe keyboard entry, pointing devices, & scanning devices • Discuss image capturing devices, digitizing devices, & audio input devices

3. Competenciescont. • Define output • Describe monitors, printers, and audio output devices • Discuss combination input & output devices

4. What is Input? • Any data or instructions used by a computer • Input devices( are hardware use to translate word, sound, images, and actions that people understand into a form that the system unit can process. • Hardware • Keyboards • Mice • Scanners • Other devices

5. Keyboard Entry • Keyboards • Traditional keyboards • Flexible keyboards (easy packing or storage) • Ergonomic keyboards (palm rest is provided) • Wireless keyboards( transmit input to the system unit through the air) • PDA keyboards • Features • Typewriter keyboard with numeric pad • Special purpose keys • Toggle and combination keys (caps.

6. Flexible keyboards Ergonomickeyboards Wireless keyboards PDA keyboards

7. Traditional Keyboard

8. Pointing Devices • Mouse • Mechanical • Optical (use light to detect mouse movement) • Cordless or wireless Use radio waves or infrared to communicate with the system • Joystick (used for computer games) • Touch Screen ( clear plastic outer layer. Behind this layer are crisscrossed invisible beams of IR light- used in restaurant and ATM) • Light Pen ( light sensitive pen- edit digital images)

9. Mechanical Mouse Optical Mouse Wireless Mouse Joystick Touch Screen

10. Scanning DevicesConvert scanned text and images into a form that the system unit can process 1- Optical scanners: recognize light, dark and colored area • Flatbed ( like a copy machine- • Portable (handheld device) 2- Bar code readers: • handheld wand reader or platform • Used in grocery stores. • Contain photoelectric cells that scan or read bar codes. • Universal product code.(UPC)

11. Scanning Devices 3- Character and mark recognition devices • Scanners that recognize special characters & marks • Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) Used in bank to read unusual numbers on the bottom of the checks • Optical-character recognition (OCR) Preprinted character that can be read by a light source • Optical-mark recognition (OMR) Score multiple-choice

12. Optical flatbed Optical Portable : Up to 1000 pages of scanned text can be stored in the pen and transferred to PC, MICR Bar code reader OMR

13. Image Capturing Devices • Digital camera • Images recorded digitally on a disk • Images can be downloaded to a computer • Digital video camera • Records motion digitally • Can take still images as well • WebCams • Specialized digital video cameras • Broadcast images over the Internet

14. Digitizing Devicesconvert a sketch or figure into a form that can be processed by a computer • Graphics Tabletsuse special graphic surface and special stylus or pen-like device • Digital Notepads Use regular notepad and pen

15. Audio Input Devices convert sound into a form that can be processed by the system unit. • Voice • Voice recognition systems Use a microphone, a sound card and special software. Two types of voice recognition: • Discrete-speech recognition systems • Are able to recognize individual words based on their sound. • Can not distinguish between same-sound words like there, their • Continuous-speech recognition system • Can distinguish between same-sound words like there, their • Music • Musical Interface Digital Interface (MIDI) Allow musical instruments to connect to the system unit using MIDI ports

16. What is Output? • Processed data or information • Types of output • Text • Graphics • Audio & video • Output devices Are any hardware used to provide or create output from the computer. They translate information that has been processed by the system unit into a form that human can understand. • Monitors • Printers

17. Monitors • Known as screens or display screens • Output referred to as soft copy • Features • Resolution • Images are formed on a monitor by a series of dots or pixels( picture elements) . • Resolution is expressed as a matrix of dots or pixels (1280cx1024R) • The higher a monitor’s resolution (the more pixels). • Dot pitch: • Is the distance between each pixel. • Monitors have a dot distance of 3.1 mm. • The lower the dot pitch the higher the clarity of images produced.

18. Cont • Refresh rate • Indicates how often a displayed image is updated or refresh. • Most monitors operate at 75 Hz, the monitor updated 75 times each second. • The faster the refresh rate the better the quality of images. • Size • Measured by the diagonal length of a monitor’s viewing area. • The smaller the monitor the better the quality of images displayed.

19. More on Monitors • Cathode-ray tube or CRTs • Flat-panel • Liquid crystal display (LCD) • Portable and thinner than CRTs • Other monitors • E-books • Data projectors • High-definition television (HDTV)

20. Cathode ray tube Flat panel

21. E-book reader Data projector HDTV

22. Printers • Translates information that has been processed by the system unit. • Output referred to as hard copy • Features • Resolution Measured in dpi, the higher the dpi the better the quality of image produced • Color capability : black ink or color • Speed: Measured in the number of pages printed per minute • Memory: used to store printing instructions and documents waiting to be printed.

23. Printers • Ink-jet printer Spray ink at high speed onto the surface of paper • Laser printer • Personal laser printers • Shared laser printers • Thermal printer • Other printers • Dot-matrix • Plotters • Photo printers

24. Dot-matrix printer Laser printer Ink-jet printer Thermal printer plotter

25. Audio Output Devices • Translates audio information into sounds that people can understand • Common devices • Speakers • Headphones

26. Combination Input and Output Devices • Fax machines Device for sending and receiving images over telephone line • Multifunction devices Combine the capabilities pf scanner, printer, fax and copying machine. • Internet telephones • Telephony • Voice-over IP (VoIP) Specialized I/O device for receiving and sending voice communication over computer networks and internet.

27. FAX machine Internet telephone MFD

28. Terminals • An input and output device that connects you to a mainframe or other type of computer called server Types of terminals • Dumb terminal It cant process date used onlty to gain access to information from a computer( airline reservations) • Intelligent terminal : process data • Network terminal: no hard-disk • Internet terminal: access internet without a microcomputer

29. A Look to the FutureNeural Signals Inc. • Brain machine interface • Allows humans to control machines with their thoughts • Individuals incapable of communication • Physically immobile people

30. HW3 • Explain ( definition, picture, details) about two devices one for entry(I/P device) and another for Exit( O/P device) that had not been mentioned in this chapter. Last date: next week 3rd January Class test : Next lecture

31. active matrix monitor (190) audio input device (185) audio-output device (193) bar code (183) bar code reader (183) bar code scanner (183) cathode ray tube monitor (CRT) (189) character recognition device (183) clarity (189) color capability (printer) (191) combination device (193) combination key (175) continuous-speech recognition system (188) Key Terms

32. cordless mouse (180) data projector (190) digital camera (184) digital notepad (185) digital video camera (184) digitizing device (185) discrete-speech recognition system (188) display screen (189) dot-matrix printer (192) dot pitch (189) dots-per-inch (dpi) (191) download (184) dual-scan monitor (190) dumb terminal (195) e-book (190) e-book reader (190) Key Terms

33. facsimile (fax) machine (194) flat-panel monitor (190) Flatbed scanner (183) graphics tablet (185) hard copy (191) Headphones (193) high-definition television (HDTV) (190) host computer (195) image capturing device (184) ink-jet printer (191) input device (178) input (178) intelligent terminal (195) Internet telephone (194) Internet telephony (194) Key Terms

34. Internet terminal (195) IP Telephony (194) joystick (181) keyboard (178) laser printer (192) light pen (182) liquid crystal display (LCD) (190) Magnetic-ink character recognition (MICR) (183) mark recognition device (183) mark sensing (183) mechanical mouse (180) memory (printer) (191) Musical Interface Digital Interface MIDI (188) Key Terms

35. MIDI device (188) monitor (189) mouse (180) mouse pad (180) mouse pointer (180) multifunction device (MFD) (194) network computer (195) network terminal (195) numeric keypad (178) optical character recognition (OCR) (183) Optical-mark recognition (OMR) (183) optical mouse (180) optical scanner (182) output (188) output device (188) Key Terms

36. passive-matrix monitor (190) PC/TV (190) personal laser printer (192) photo printer (192) pixel (picture element) (189) platform scanner (183) plotter (192) pointing (180) pointing device (180) pointing stick (180) portable scanner (183) printer (191) reader/sorter (183) refresh rate (189) resolution (monitor)(189) Key Terms

37. resolution (printer) (191) roller ball (180) scanner (182) scanning device (182) screen (189) server (195) shared laser printer (192) size (viewable size) (189) soft copy (189) speakers (193) speed (printer) (191) telephony (194) terminal (195) thermal printer (192) thin client (195) thin film resistor monitor (TFT) (190) toggle key (179) Key Terms

38. touch pad (180) touch screen (181) touch surface (180) trackball (180) Universal Product Code (UPC) (183) voice recognition system (185) voice-over IP (VoIP) (194) wand reader (183) Web appliance (195) WebCam (184) Web camera (184) Web terminal (195) wireless mouse (180) Key Terms

39. FAQs • What are pointing devices? • I would like to insert several images in a document. How can I capture the images? • What are digitizing devices? • What is voice recognition? • What is the difference between a CRT and an LCD display? • What is HDTV?

40. Discussion Questions • Describe the three different mouse types designed for input. • How does Internet telephony work? Discuss. • Discuss the features of multifunctional devices. • Describe the features of a monitor that help to make images appear clearer on the screen. • What are MIDI devices and how are they used?