1 / 32

Inorganic Compounds- nomenclature

Inorganic Compounds- nomenclature. University of Lincoln presentation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. INORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Compounds composed of elements other than carbon.

barny
Télécharger la présentation

Inorganic Compounds- nomenclature

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Inorganic Compounds- nomenclature University of Lincoln presentation This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  2. INORGANIC COMPOUNDS Compounds composed of elements other than carbon. Associated with the nonliving portion of the world This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  3. NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS Ionic Compounds Molecular Compounds Acids This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  4. NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS CATIONS ( POSITIVE IONS) A. Cations formed from metal atoms have the same name as the metal. Na+ sodium ion Zn2+ zinc ion Al3+ aluminum ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  5. B. If a metal can form cations of different charges, the positive charge is given by a Roman numeral in parenthesis following the name of the metal. Fe2+ iron (II) ion Cu+ copper (I) ion Fe3+ iron (III) ion Cu2+ copper (II) ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  6. Ions with different charges exhibit different properties, such as color. Most of the metals that have variable charges are transition metals. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  7. Apply –ous or –ic The endings represent the lower and higher charged ions, respectively. Fe2+ ferrous ion Cu+ cuprous ion Fe3+ ferric ion Cu2+ cupric ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  8. IONIC CHARGES OF REPRESENTATIVE ELEMENTS This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  9. FORMULAS AND NAMES OF COMMON METAL IONS WITH MORE THAN ONE IONIC CHARGE This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  10. C. Cations formed from nonmetals have names that end in –ium NH4+ ammonium ion H3O+ hydronium ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  11. EXERCISES: Name each of the following: Sn2+ Sn4+ K+ Ba2+ Co2+ Co3+ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  12. Sn2+ Tin (II) ion • Sn4+ Tin (IV) ion • K+ Potassium ion • Ba2+ Barium ion • Co2+ Cobalt (II) ion • Co3+ Cobalt (III) ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  13. 2. ANIONS (NEGATIVE IONS) A. Monoatomic (one-atom) anions have names formed by replacing the ending of the name of the element with –ide H- O2- N3- OH- Hydride ion Oxide ionNitride ion Hydroxide ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  14. B. Polyatomic (many-atoms) anions containing oxygen have names ending in –ate or –ite These are called oxyanions -ate is used for the most common oxyanion of an element -ite is used for an oxyanion that has the same charge but one less O atoms NO3- nitrate ion SO42- sulfate ion NO2- nitrite ion SO32- sulfite ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  15. Prefixes are used when the series of oxyanions of an element extends to four members, as with halogens The prefix per- indicates one or more O atom than the oxyanion ending in –ate The prefix hypo- indicates one less O atom than the oxyanion ending in –ite This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  16. ClO4- perchlorate ion (one more O atom than chlorate) ClO3-chlorate ion ClO2- chlorite ion (one less O atom than chlorate) ClO- hypochlorite ion (one less O atom than chlorite) This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  17. C. Anions derived by adding H+ to an oxyanion are named by adding as a prefix the word hydrogen or dihydrogen CO32- carbonate ion HCO3- hydrogen carbonate ion PO43- phosphate ion H2PO4- dihydrogen phosphate ion This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  18. COMMON POLYATOMIC IONS This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  19. 3. IONIC COMPOUNDS Names of ionic compounds consist of the cation name followed by the anion name CaCl2 calcium chloride Al(NO3)3 aluminum nitrate Cu(ClO4)2 copper (II)perchlorate cupric perchlorate This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  20. EXERCISES: What is the charge of the ion typically formed by each element? Sulfur Lead, 4 electrons lost Strontium Argon Bromine Copper, 1 electron lost This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  21. Sulfur 2- • Lead, 4 electrons lost 4+ • Strontium 2+ • Argon no ion formed • Bromine 1- • Copper, 1 electron lost 1+ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  22. Name the following compounds: CuS K3N SnCl2 K2S CaI2 NaI This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  23. CuS Copper (II) sulfide K3N Potassium Nitride SnCl2 Tin (II) chloride K2S Potassium sulfide CaI2 Calcium Iodide NaI Sodium Iodide This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  24. Name the following: MgCl2 SnCl4 HgBr2 PbS2 FeO Write the formula for each of the following: Magnesium bromide Aluminum oxide Ferrous bromide Lead (II) sulfide Stannic oxide This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  25. HOMEWORK: • Name the following: • CoI2 • Cs2O • ZnS • KCI • BaO • CuBr2 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  26. CoI2 Cobalt Iodide • Cs2O Cesium Oxide • ZnS Zinc sulfide • KCI Potassium chloride • BaO Barium Oxide • CuBr2 Copper bromide This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  27. NAMES OF FORMULAS OF ACIDS An acid is a substance whose molecules yield hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  28. Acid based on anions whose names end in –ide. Anions whose names end in –ide have he asociated acids that have the hydro- prefix and an –ic ending ANION CORRESPONDING ACIDS Cl- (chloride) HCl (hydrochloric acid) S2- (sulfide) H2S (hydrosulfuric acid) This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  29. 2. Anions whose names end in –ate have associated acids with an –ic ending, whereas anions whose names end in –ite have acids with an -ous ending. Prefixes in the name of the anion are retained in the name of the acid. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  30. ANION CORRESPONDING ACID ClO4-perchlorate HClO4 – perchloric acid ClO3- chlorate HClO3 – chloric acid ClO2- chlorite HClO2 – chlorous acid ClO- hypochlorite HClO – hypochloric acid This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  31. EXERCISES: Give the name or formula for the following: H2SO4 H2CO3 Nitric acid Phosphoric acid This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

  32. Acknowledgements • JISC • HEA • Centre for Educational Research and Development • School of natural and applied sciences • School of Journalism • SirenFM • http://tango.freedesktop.org This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

More Related