Emperor Justinian - 3 Achievements of Byzantium’s Greatest Emperor A. Justinian’s Code

1. Emperor Justinian - 3 Achievements of Byzantium’s Greatest Emperor • A. Justinian’s Code • 1. Justinian created a law code from all previous law codes • 2. Code greatly influenced European and western legal codes • B. Reconquered most of the former Roman territories • 1. emptied treasuries reconquering lands • 2. reconquered lands could not be defended long • C. Beautify and Fortify Constantinople • 1. Many cultural and defensive building projects; libraries, hospitals, and churches • 2. Most important! = Hagia Sophia, a Christian church • 3. Hagia Sophia = most spectacular example of Byzantine architecture

2. Emperor Justinian - 3 Achievements of Byzantium’s Greatest Emperor • A. Justinian’s Code • 1. Justinian created a law code from all previous law codes • 2. Code greatly influenced European and western legal codes • B. Reconquered most of the former Roman territories • 1. emptied treasuries reconquering lands • 2. reconquered lands could not be defended long • C. Beautify and Fortify Constantinople • 1. Many cultural and defensive building projects; libraries, hospitals, and churches • 2. Most important! = Hagia Sophia, a Christian church • 3. Hagia Sophia = most spectacular example of Byzantine architecture

3. The Christian Church Divides Between East and West - “Great Schism” - 1054 • A. Reasons for split or “schism” between east and west • 1. authority of Pope not accepted by Byzantine emperor and bishops • practices such as celibacy not practiced in east • Eastern Emperor Leo banned icons, pope supported icons • B. Eastern Church = Greek Orthodox Church • 1. Head of church = emperor • 2. centered in Constantinople • 3. language of church = Greek • 4. priests could marry • C. Western Church = Roman Catholic Church • 1. Head of church = Pope • 2. centered in Rome • 3. language of church = Latin • 4. priests could not marry Byzantine Influence on Russia and Eastern Europe A. trade routes between Black Sea and Baltic Sea = cultural diffusion B. Russia and much of eastern Europe adopts Orthodox Christianity C. Saint Cyril adapts Greek alphabet to Slavic languages = Cyrillic Alphabet D. Cyrillic Alphabet allowed for translation of the Bible.

4. The Christian Church Divides Between East and West - “Great Schism” - 1054 • A. Reasons for split or “schism” between east and west • 1. authority of Pope not accepted by Byzantine emperor and bishops • practices such as celibacy not practiced in east • Eastern Emperor Leo banned icons, pope supported icons • B. Eastern Church = Greek Orthodox Church • 1. Head of church = emperor • 2. centered in Constantinople • 3. language of church = Greek • 4. priests could marry • C. Western Church = Roman Catholic Church • 1. Head of church = Pope • 2. centered in Rome • 3. language of church = Latin • 4. priests could not marry Byzantine Influence on Russia and Eastern Europe A. trade routes between Black Sea and Baltic Sea = cultural diffusion B. Russia and much of eastern Europe adopts Orthodox Christianity C. Saint Cyril adapts Greek alphabet to Slavic languages = Cyrillic Alphabet D. Cyrillic Alphabet allowed for translation of the Bible.