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Molecular Compounds

Molecular Compounds. SNC2D. Molecular Compounds. Sometimes non-metals don’t borrow electrons from metals to fill their last shell; instead, they get together and ?. Molecular Compounds.

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Molecular Compounds

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  1. Molecular Compounds SNC2D

  2. Molecular Compounds Sometimes non-metals don’t borrow electrons from metals to fill their last shell; instead, they get together and ?

  3. Molecular Compounds Sometimes non-metals don’t borrow electrons from metals to fill their last shell; instead, they get together and share their electrons.

  4. Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called ?

  5. Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called covalent.

  6. Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called covalent. These compounds can be represented using Lewis dot diagrams: e.g.

  7. Molecular Compounds Or, more commonly, by Kekulé diagrams, where each electron shared is represented by a line connecting the chemical symbols, e.g.:

  8. Molecular Compounds Example:

  9. Molecular Compounds Example:

  10. Multiple Bonds The sharing of more than one electron is represented using more than one line, e.g.:

  11. Multiple Bonds The sharing of more than one electron is represented using more than one line, e.g.: There is a double bond between the carbon atoms.

  12. Naming Molecular Compounds The elements in the name are given prefixes corresponding to the subscripts (number of atoms) and the second element is given the suffix “-ide.” e.g. CO2 is carbon dioxide

  13. The Prefixes • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7

  14. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7

  15. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 Di- • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7

  16. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 Di- • 3 Tri- • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7

  17. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 Di- • 3 Tri- • 4 Tetra- • 5 • 6 • 7

  18. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 Di- • 3 Tri- • 4 Tetra- • 5 Penta- • 6 • 7

  19. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 Di- • 3 Tri- • 4 Tetra- • 5 Penta- • 6 Hexa- • 7

  20. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 Di- • 3 Tri- • 4 Tetra- • 5 Penta- • 6 Hexa- • 7 Hepta-

  21. The Prefixes • 1 Mono-* • 2 Di- • 3 Tri- • 4 Tetra- • 5 Penta- • 6 Hexa- • 7 Hepta- * The 1st element in the name never need a mono-

  22. Examples • OF4 • N2O • Cl2O7 • iodine trichloride • diphosphorus pentoxide • sulphur hexaiodide

  23. Examples • OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride • N2O • Cl2O7 • iodine trichloride • diphosphorus pentoxide • sulphur hexaiodide

  24. Examples • OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride • N2O dinitrogen monoxide • Cl2O7 • iodine trichloride • diphosphorus pentoxide • sulphur hexaiodide

  25. Examples • OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride • N2O dinitrogen monoxide • Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide • iodine trichloride • diphosphorus pentoxide • sulphur hexaiodide

  26. Examples • OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride • N2O dinitrogen monoxide • Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide • iodine trichloride ICl3 • diphosphorus pentoxide • sulphur hexaiodide

  27. Examples • OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride • N2O dinitrogen monoxide • Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide • iodine trichloride ICl3 • diphosphorus pentoxide P2O5 • sulphur hexaiodide

  28. Examples • OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride • N2O dinitrogen monoxide • Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide • iodine trichloride ICl3 • diphosphorus pentoxide P2O5 • sulphur hexaiodide SI6

  29. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 CH4 H2O

  30. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 ammonia CH4 H2O

  31. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 ammonia CH4 methane H2O

  32. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 ammonia CH4 methane H2O water

  33. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 Cl2 O2

  34. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 hydrogen gas Cl2 O2

  35. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 hydrogen gas Cl2 chlorine gas O2

  36. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 hydrogen gas Cl2 chlorine gas O2 oxygen gas

  37. Activity “Modelling Molecules” You need a handout and a modelling kit.

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