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Internal Displacement A Global Environmenal Health Challenge Reference:

Internal Displacement A Global Environmenal Health Challenge Reference: Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2007 (98 pages) www.internal-displacement.org/. 1. A Global Issue. UN Definition.

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Internal Displacement A Global Environmenal Health Challenge Reference:

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  1. Internal DisplacementA Global Environmenal Health Challenge Reference: Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2007 (98 pages) www.internal-displacement.org/ 1

  2. A Global Issue

  3. UN Definition “Persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognised State border.” 3

  4. Comparison:The Refugee and IDP Refugees • Have crossed an international border; • Have lost the protection of their own country; • Have a special status under international law. IDPs • Are displaced within their own country; • Causes of flight: violence, war, human rights violations, disasters; • Country still in charge of their protection; • Do not have a special status under international law but should enjoy same rights as other citizens. 4

  5. Issues of Concern • 26 million Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) seeking shelter after being forced from their homes. • 9.3 million in 10 countries whose governments are indifferent or hostile to their protection needs • 2.7 million IDPs in Europe • A great many denied physical security and integrity, basic necessities of life, economic, social and cultural needs and living under environmental conditions destructive to human health • From iDMC 2008 Report: Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2007 5

  6. Year Refugees IDPs 1970 9 million 5 million 1980 14 million 9 million 2000 16 million 22-25 million 2004 13.2 million 25 million IDPs outnumber Refugees 6 Sources: UNHCR website for refugee figures and NRC/Global IDP Project for IDP figures

  7. 2007 7

  8. Internal Displacement Overview for 2007 • Conflict-related IDPs Worldwide • 26 Million • Most affected continent – Africa • 12.7m in 19 countries • IDPs in Europe • 2.7 million in 10 countries • IDPs faced with governments indifferent or hostile to their protection needs – 9.3 million in at least 10 countries 8 Source: Norwegian Refugee Council Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre

  9. European Region 9

  10. Conflict Related IDPs in Europe Total: 2,691,390 Armenia 11,000 Azerbaijan 690,000 Bosnia and Herzegovina 132,000 Croatia 3,200 Cyprus 210,000 Georgia1 233,000 Macedonia 790 Russian Federation2 89,000 Serbia 247,000 Turkey 1,075,000 Internal Displacement in Europe in 2007 10

  11. Kosovo 11

  12. Conflict-related IDPs December 2007 • Countries affected – at least 52 • 10 Countries where most IDPs • were exposed to serious threats to security & integrity • faced obstacles to access the basic necessities of life • 21 Countries with Govs or occupation forces involved in deliberately displacing people • IDPs • without any significant humanitarian assistance from their governments - 11.3million in at least 13 countries • faced with governments indifferent or hostile to their protection needs- 9.3 million in at least 10 countries 12

  13. World Community International Responsibility to Protect against state-sponsored or state tolerated atrocities Denial of EH Conditions Supportive of Life - Crime Against Humanity - United Nations World Summit 2005 • State Sovereignty • Duties & Responsibilities to Protect its own People

  14. Human Right Council (HRC)‏ • Universal Periodic Review • NGO Input • HRC Advisory Committee – 18 Experts • Thematic Special Procedures • Provide Advice & Research to Council • Establish Interaction with • States, National HR Institutions, NGOs • Confidential Complaint Procedure • Gross and reliably-attested violations 14

  15. Internal Displacement • Deng Principles 15

  16. International Court of Justice • Primary Judicial Organ of UN • Established 1945; • Began Work 1946 • War Crimes; • Illegal State Interference; • Ethnic Cleansing • International Criminal Court • Began Operating 2002 • Most Serious Crimes under International Law • War Crimes & Genocide 16

  17. Environmental Health Sustainability • Develop pattern of human relationships informed by - • pattern disclosed in nature • Relationships between • Individuals families, representative bodies and State AND • the community of the whole family off humankind • Based on • environmental health ‘science’, and • International Principles of Human Justice 17

  18. HEALING CYCLE Bone Break Earthquake Blood Flow Tsunami Communication Communication Damage Response Damage Response Cells with Genetic Code Act Humans with Caring imprint Act HealingProcess 18

  19. Sylvia Cloutier, Nunavut, Canada, 2nd from right; bones healed 19

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