Quiz:

1. 585-592- Create a topical outline describing the first steps the U.S. took towards following a policy of Imperialism.

2. Quiz:

3. Determine who’s the wife of man number ten using the evidence in the drawing.

4. Sample Topical Outline: I. Main topic A. First sub-topic that is related to overall main topic. 1. Facts, details, examples related to “A.” 2. a. Specific facts related to “2.” b. c. 1. More specific facts 2. related to “c.” B. 1. a. b. 2.

5. Sample Topical Outline: In assigned groups you will have 5 minutes to brainstorm one section of your assigned reading and create an outline using the format used in class. Topics: 1. “Seward and Blaine” p.585, paragraph 1 2. “Seward and Blaine” p.585,paragraph 2 3. “Hawaii” p.586, paragraphs 1-3 4. “Hawaii” p. 587, paragraphs 4-6 5. “Chile and Venezuela” p. 587, paragraphs 1-3 6. “An Imperialist views the World” p. 584 (inset)

6. MODEL: (p. 585) • First Steps Towards Imperialism • Before mid-1890s US did not pursue isolationism. • The US had diplomatic and trade ties with countries, but no organized policy of expansion in foreign lands. • US allowed private individuals to be • active in foreign lands • Acted haphazardly (inconsistently) • Did little to create a professional foreign service • After the mid-1890s the US began to expand its influence in the world. William Seward James Blaine

7. Group #1 • First Steps Towards Imperialism • B. Seward and Blaine • 1. Seward served as Secretary of • State under Presidents Lincoln • and Johnson. • 2. He pushed for a more aggressive • role in world affairs for trade, • strategic opportunities and • national destiny. • a. Purchased Alaska 1867 • b. Approved navy’s control • of Midway Island • c. Pushed trade on Japan • d. Tried to gain bases in the • Caribbean. • 3. His policy was “too far, too fast” • the public, Congress blocked him. William Seward

8. Group #2 • First Steps Towards Imperialism • B. Seward and Blaine • 1. James G. Blaine served as Secretary • of State under Presidents Garfield • and Harrison. • 2. He too was aggressive, trying to • expand America’s “commercial • empire” in the Pacific • a. Pushed for US control over • any canal in Panama. • b. Proposed the “First Inter- • national American Con- • ference” called for customs • union to reduce trade • barriers. • c. Latin American nations • rejected the proposal. William Seward James Blaine

9. Group #3 • First Steps Towards Imperialism • C. Hawaii • 1. Blaine saw Hawaii as “indispens- • able” to US as key to trade with China. • 2. By 1870s US influence grew • when sugar plantations were • established • a. Treaties in 1875, 1887 • gave US control of the • islands. • b. US rejected a proposal by • Britain and France to • jointly guarantee the • independence of Hawaii. • c. In 1887 US endorsed a • constitution for Hawaii James Blaine

10. Group #4 C. Hawaii 2. (cont.) c. In 1887 US endorsed a constitution for Hawaii. d. Blaine next pushed for the US to annex Hawaii. 1. McKinley Tariff Act 1890 raised tariffs, so planters in Hawaii favored annexation. 2. In 1893, American planters overthrew Queen of Hawaii and US Minister to Hawaii ordered US Marines to help the rebels. 3. President Harrison signed bill making Hawaii a pro- tectorate, but Senate stopped it James Blaine Queen Lil

11. Group # 4 2. (cont.) d. (cont.) 4. When Pres. Cleveland took office, he opposed annexation and ordered an investigation of the affair. 5. The new Hawaiian Provisional Gov’t. refused to step down. 6. This set off a fierce debate between: a. Republicans 1. Supported annexation 2. Arguments included it would help trade, reward and civilize Hawaiians. b. Democrats 1. Opposed annexation 2. Argument was that US was acting like Europe. James Blaine Queen Lil Pres. Cleveland

12. Group #5 D. Chile and Venezuela 1. The US began to react to incidents in foreign countries. a. Chile 1. I891 US sailors were arrested during shore leave for a brawl 2. President Harrison threatened military intervention. 3. They were released, Chile both apologized and paid an indemnity to the US. b. Venezuela 1. 1895 President Cleveland intervened in a boundary dis- pute between Britain and Venezuela. Pres. Harrison Pres. Cleveland

13. Group #5 1. (cont.) b. Venezuela 1. 1895 President Cleveland intervened in a boundary dispute between Britain and Venezuela. 2. Motivated by the Monroe Doc- trine and wanting to challenge Britain for Latin American markets. 3. Secretary of State Olney sent a note to Britain demanding arbitration (US as third party) 4. With the unspoken threat of war looming, Britain agreed. 2. Significant since this demonstrated US expansion and it upset Latin America. Pres. Cleveland Sec. Olney

14. Group #6 (p. 584 inset reading) E. An Imperialist Views the World 1. These are excerpts are from Theodore Roosevelt’s letters imperialism while he served as assistant secretary of the Navy. 2. TR expresses his pro-imperialist view that US must: a. annex Hawaii or claim them as a protectorate b. build a canal in Nicaragua c. construct a dozen new battleships 3. Critical of President Cleveland when he rejected Hawaii, and hopes to make President McKinley see it his way. 4. Suggests that if the US fails to expand its influence that it would show us to have lost the instinct of being a “great race”. 5. Says the BIG PROBLEM is in the West Indies (Caribbean) and that we should:

15. Group #6 (p. 584 inset reading) E. An Imperialist Views the World 5. Says the BIG PROBLEM is in the West Indies (Caribbean) and that we should: a. Force Spain out of Cuba b. Take over the Danish Island (in the West Indies) c. Warn the world not to get involved in the Americas 6. Roosevelt supports going to war against Spain for two reasons: a. For humanity in order to help and protect the Cubans. b. To increase American patriotic nationalistic feeling.